Table 1.
Outcome measures derived from each task and number of participants included in each analysis.
| Task | Data analysis | Measures | No. of participants included in the analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sentence reading task [Speech Intelligibility Test (SIT) (12)] | Orthographic transcription by research assistant | Speech intelligibility (%) | 173 |
| Number of words/total duration | Speaking rate (SR; WPM) | 173 | |
| Paragraph reading task (Bamboo passage) | Speech pause analysis (SPA) (13) | Percent pause (%) | 150 |
| Articulation rate (AR; syllables/s) | 150 | ||
| Acoustic analysis—formant tracking of F2 in “flower” conducted in Praat (14) | F2 range (Hz) | 119 | |
| Rapid syllable repetition task | Automatic extraction of lip movement (15) | Maximum velocity (mm/s) | 63 |
| Duration (s) | 63 |
F2, second formant; Hz, hertz; mm, millimeters; s, seconds; WPM, words per minute.