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. 2021 Jul 1;131(13):e141614. doi: 10.1172/JCI141614

Figure 3. Infection with MV-s-NAP induces immunogenic cell death and release of proinflammatory mediators.

Figure 3

CT-2A and GL261 cells were infected with the indicated viruses at MOI = 5. Cells were cotreated with 5 μM ruxolitinib, where indicated. Extracellular release of (A) calreticulin (CALR) and (B) HSP90 was examined by flow cytometry 24 and 48 hours after infection. (C) CT-2A, GL261, GBM6, and GBM12 cells were infected with the indicated viruses at MOI = 5 and 72 hours later, HMGB1 release was quantified using the particle-free cell culture supernatant. (D) Cytokine and chemokine secretion (pg/mL) was measured in fresh cell culture supernatants 48 hours after infection at MOI = 2. All experiments were repeated 2 or more times with similar outcomes. Values represented as the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001 by 2-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. NS, not significant.