Table 4.
Difference (95% confidence interval) in GHQ-12 score from (a) 2019 to April 2020 and (b) April 2020 to July 2020 according to home-carer characteristics (analysis based on 565 home-carers)
| Adjusted for baseline GHQ-12 | Additionally adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, and education | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 to April | April to July | 2019 to April | April to July | |
| Age group | ||||
| <40 | 0.00 | 0.00 | – | – |
| 41 to 70 | 0.40 (−0.45 to 1.24) | 0.18 (−0.85 to 1.20) | ||
| 71+ | −0.53 (−1.39 to 0.33) | −0.36 (−1.06 to 0.34) | ||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 0.00 | 0.00 | – | – |
| Female | 1.13 (0.45 to 1.81) | 0.38 (−0.55 to 1.30) | ||
| Education | ||||
| A-level or lower | 0.00 | 0.00 | – | – |
| Degree or higher | 0.25 (0.08 to 0.43) | 0.02 (−0.13 to 0.16) | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White British | 0.00 | 0.00 | – | – |
| Non-White/Other | 0.33 (0.04 to 0.61) | 0.19 (−0.06 to 0.43) | ||
| Relationship of care recipient to carer | ||||
| Spouse/partner | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Child under 18 | 0.91 (0.30 to 1.52) | −0.28 (−0.44 to 0.12) | 0.80 (0.10 to 1.50) | −0.42 (−0.65 to −0.19) |
| Adult child | 0.39 (0.12 to 0.66) | 2.75 (2.42 to 3.08) | −0.09 (−0.35 to 0.17) | 2.64 (2.30 to 3.00) |
| (Grand)Parent | 0.01 (−0.35 to 0.37) | 0.58 (0.26 to 0.90) | −0.30 (−0.70 to 0.11) | 0.45 (0.11 to 0.79) |
| Other | −0.57 (−0.76 to −0.37) | −0.16 (−0.32 to 0.00) | −0.58 (−0.81 to −0.35) | −0.27 (−0.46 to −0.07) |
| More than one | 1.54 (1.23 to 1.86) | 1.21 (0.77 to 1.65) | 1.35 (0.92 to 1.79) | 1.02 (0.54 to 1.52) |
| Care recipient has long-term health condition | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | −0.14 (−0.44 to −0.17) | 0.57 (0.37 to 0.78) | 0.01 (−0.32 to 0.33) | 0.64 (0.44 to 0.84) |
| Care recipient has mental health condition | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | 0.35 (−0.02 to 0.72) | 0.57 (0.29 to 0.85) | 0.19 (−0.19 to 0.56) | 0.55 (0.24 to 0.86) |
| Care recipient has learning disability | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | 1.06 (0.66 to 1.46) | 1.32 (1.03 to 1.60) | 0.95 (0.57 to 1.33) | 1.29 (1.01 to 1.57) |
| Care recipient has physical disability | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | −0.10 (−0.44 to 0.24) | 0.70 (0.51 to 0.88) | −0.01 (−0.41 to 0.40) | 0.71 (0.52 to 0.90) |
| Care recipient has problem related to old age | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | −0.56 (−0.81 to −0.31) | −0.66 (−0.93 to −0.38) | −0.43 (−0.69 to −0.17) | −0.64 (−0.95 to −0.33) |
| Care recipient has other condition | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | 0.03 (−0.79 to 0.85) | −0.11 (−0.76 to 0.55) | −0.11 (−0.79 to 0.56) | −0.19 (−0.83 to 0.45) |
| Carer in 2019 | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | −0.01 (−0.62 to 0.60) | −0.24 (−0.99 to 0.50) | 0.19 (−0.38 to 0.76) | −0.25 (−0.95 to 0.45) |
| Hours of caring per week | ||||
| <20 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 20 to 100 | 0.57 (0.31 to 0.83) | 0.49 (0.27 to 0.71) | 0.37 (0.10 to 0.64) | 0.43 (0.19 to 0.68) |
| 101+ | 0.67 (0.13 to 1.20) | 1.09 (0.77 to 1.41) | 0.53 (0.03 to 1.03) | 1.10 (0.72 to 1.37) |
| State care/services | ||||
| Never had | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Had and lost | 0.70 (0.27 to 1.14) | 2.04 (1.51 to 2.56) | 0.50 (0.09 to 0.91) | 1.99 (1.50 to 2.48) |
| Still have | 0.09 (−1.44 to 1.45) | −0.22 (−0.56 to 0.13) | 0.19 (−1.20 to 1.59) | −0.22 (−0.56 to 0.13) |
| Share caring responsibilities | ||||
| No | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Yes | 0.34 (0.10 to 0.58) | 0.07 (−0.16 to 0.30) | 0.50 (0.27 to 0.73) | 0.06 (−0.19 to 0.31) |