Fig. 3. Anthocyanin biosynthesis and gene expression in apple transgenic lines.

A, B Anthocyanin accumulation in agroinfiltrated Fuji (A) and Golden Delicious (B) apple skin after 3 and 5 days of treatment, respectively. Agrobacterium harboring the MdMYB90-like overexpression vector and the 62SK empty vector were infiltrated into apple skins and exposed to light and dark, respectively. C Accumulation of anthocyanin in MdMYB90-like overexpression calli (MdMYB90-like-OE) and wild-type calli (WT) after 5 days of light and dark treatment. WT calli were used as the control. D Anthocyanin contents of transgenic (MdMYB90-like-OE) and wild-type calli (WT). E Expression levels of MdMYB90-like, MdSIMYB1, MdMYB1, MdCHS, MdCHI, MdANS, and MdUFGT in transgenic and wild-type apple calli. Asterisks (*) and (**) denote significant differences between samples at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 significance levels, respectively