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. 2021 Jun 17;9:687912. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.687912

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Copyright © 2021 Li, Zhang, Li, Guo, Li, Zhang, Li and Mi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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SUMOylated hnRNPA1 controls sEV-miRNA loading. (A) Western blotting showing the expression of hnRNPA1 including SUMOylated hnRNPA1 in sEVs derived from Jurkat and A549 cells. (B) The protein SUMOylation level in cells treated with DMSO and AA. Anti-SUMO1 small molecule antibody was used for western blotting. (C) Corresponding SUMOylated hnRNPA1 in sEVs derived from cells treated with DMSO and AA (top panel). Statistical analysis showing the ratio of SUMOylated hnRNPA1 and hnRNPA1 in three independent experiments (bottom panel). (D) Expression levels of selected sEV-miRNAs derived from DMSO- and AA-treated cells. The significant differences are reported for four independent experiments (ns, no significance; ^∗p < 0.05, two-tailed t-test). hnRNPA1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1; sEV-miRNA, microRNA in small extracellular vesicle; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; AA, anacardic acid.