Fig. 5.

Expression of proteins involved in AMPK, calcineurin and FOXO signaling pathway. (A) Protein qualification by the Wes Simple Western System. (B) Relative protein expression of AMPK and pAMPK. (C) FOXO1, calcineurin A and calcineurin B. (D) PGC-1α, MEF2D, nuclear NFAT1 and total NFAT1, calculated according to the results of (A) (n = 3). Values are expressed as means ± standard deviations. Mean values were significantly different among groups (^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01). NORMAL, pigs fed a normal CP (16%) diet; LOW, pigs fed a low CP (12%) diet generated by decreasing the content of soybean meal; S1G2, pigs fed a low CP (12%) diet with serine-to-glycine ratio 1:2, generated by decreasing the content of soybean meal and adding 0.57% glycine. CP = crude protein.