Table 3.
ANO1 modulation, expression and function in cancer cell lines, xenograft tumors and human cancer tissues.
| Cancer type | High expression |
Cell assay |
Inhibition |
Signaling pathways | Ref. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cell line | Human tissue | Clinical implication | Proliferation/viability | Migration/invasion | Tool | Xenograft tumor | |||
| Breast cancer | ZR75-1, HCC1954, MDA-MB-415 |
+ | Poor Prognosis (+) | + | NR | shRNA/CaCCinh-A01 | Tumor growth (−) | 11q13 amplification, Cl– channel activity, Apoptosis, EGFR, CAMKII, AKT, MAPK | 51 |
| YMB-1 | NR | NR | + | NR | siRNA/NFA | NR | Epigenetic regulation | 40 | |
| YMB-1, MDA-MB-453 |
NR | NR | NR | NR | siRNA/T16inh-A01 | NR | AKT, STAT3 | 173 | |
| SKBR3 | NR | Improved response to biological therapies (−) | + | NR | siRNA/T16Ainh-A01 CaCCinh-A01 |
NR | EGFR, HER2, STAT3 | 174 | |
| MCF-7, T47D |
+ | Shorter overall survival in ER + patients (+) | + | NR | shRNA/T16Ainh-A01 | Tumor growth (−) | EGFR/STAT3 signaling | 175 | |
| HNSCC | UM-SCC1, T24 |
+ | Poor prognosis (+) | + | NR | shRNA/T16Ainh-A01 | Tumor growth (−) | MAPK, Ki67 | 176 |
| HEp-2, SCC-25 |
+ | A marker for distal metastasis (+) | No effect | + | siRNA/NFA, DIDS, Fluoxetine |
NR | 11q13 amplification | 166 | |
| UM-SCC1, T24 |
High in primary tumor and low in metastatic tumor | A biomarker for metastasis (−) | NR | – | shRNA | Tumor growth (−), Metastatic development (+) |
Promoter methylation, E-cadherin |
177 | |
| FaDu | NR | Poor prognosis (+) | + | NR | shRNA/CaCCinh-A01 | Tumor growth (−) | 11q13 amplification, Cl– channel activity, Apoptosis, EGFR, CAMKII, AKT, MAPK | 51 | |
| Cal-33, OSC19, UM-SCC-1, FaDu |
NR | Increased efficacy of biologic therapies (−) | OSC19 (+) | NR | siRNA/T16Ainh-A01 CaCCinh-A01 |
ANO1-overexpressing tumors were heavier than control tumors | EGFR, HER2, STAT3 | 174 | |
| OSC19, FaDu, UM-SCC-1 |
Positively correlated with tumor size | Recurrence of cancer (+) | + | NR | shRNA | ANO1-overexpressing tumors were greater than control tumors | ERK, BIM, Apoptosis | 178 | |
| ESCC | KYSE30, KYSE510 |
+ | Lymph node metastasis and advanced clinical stage (+) | + | NR | siRNA | NR | 11q13 amplification | 170 |
| KYSE410, KYSE30 |
+ | Poor prognosis (+) Advanced stage (+) |
+ | + | shRNA | NR | TGF-β signaling, cell cycle | 179 | |
| Prostate cancer | PC-3, LNCap, RWPE1 |
+ | NR | + | NR | siRNA/T16Ainh-A01, CaCCinh-A01, MONNA, tannic acid |
Tumor growth (−) | ERK, AKT | 62 |
| PC-3, LNCaP |
NR | NR | + | NR | siRNA/NFA | NR | Epigenetic regulation | 40 | |
| LNCaP, PC-3 |
+ | Clinical TNM stage (+) Gleason score (+) |
+ | + | shRNA/DIDS | Tumor growth (−) | NR | 46 | |
| PC-3 | NR | NR | + | NR | shRNA siRNA/CaCCinh-A01, T16Ainh-A01, Ani9 |
Tumor growth (−) | TNF-α signaling, apoptosis | 57 | |
| Gastric cancer | AGS, BGC823 |
+ | Poor overall survival (+) TNM (+) Lymphnode metastasis (+) |
No effect | + | shRNA | NR | TGF-β, E-cadherin | 180 |
| AGS, BGC823 | Negatively related with miR381 | Poor prognosis (+) | No effect | + | siRNA | NR | Regulated by miR-381, TGF-β, E-cadherin | 120 | |
| AGS, SGC7901 | + | TNM stage (+) | NR | + | siRNA | Tumor metastasis (−) | Regulated by SP1 through MLL1 and H3K4 trimethylation | 181 | |
| HCC | SMMC7721 | + | NR | + | + | siRNA | Tumorigenicity (−) | MAPK signaling, cell cycle | 169 |
| HepG2, SMMC7721 | + | Tumor grade (+) | + | + | shRNA | Tumor growth (−) | PI3K/AKT-MAPK signaling pathway, apoptosis, cell cycle | 182 | |
| Glioma | U87MG | + | Tumor grade (+) | + | + | siRNA | NR | NF-κB signaling | 121 |
| U251, U87MG | NR | NR | NR | + | shRNA/T16Ainh-A01 | NR | CaMKII-β | 183 | |
| Lung cancer | GLC82, NCI-H520 | + | NR | + | + | shRNA | Tumor growth (−) | NR | 167 |
| H1299 | NR | NR | + | + | shRNA/T16Ainh-A01 | Tumor growth (−) | EGFR/MAPK signaling | 98 | |
| Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | BxPC-3, AsPC-1, Capan-1 |
NR | NR | No effect | + | siRNA/T16Ainh-A01, CaCCinh-A01, NS3728 | NR | NR | 93 |
| AsPC-1 | + | Poor prognosis (+) Biomarker (+) |
NR | + | shRNA | NR | Ligand-dependent EGFR signaling | 171 | |
| GIST | GIST-T1, GIST-882 | NR | NR | No effect | NR | shRNA/T16Ainh-A01, NFA, NPPB | Tumor growth (−) | IGFBP-5, no effect on KIT | 165 |
| NR | Cancer and PBMCs | Biomarkers (+) Tumor size (+) |
NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 184 | |
| GIST-T1, GIST882 | NR | NR | + | NR | T16Ainh-A01 CaCCinh-A01 |
NR | Cell cycle | 91 | |
| Salivary gland carcinoma | NR | + | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 172 |
| Ovarian cancer | SKOV3 | Cancer and PBMCs | Pathologic stage and differentiation (+) | + | + | siRNA | Tumor growth (−) | PI3K/AKT signaling | 168 |
| Colorectal cancer | SW620 | NR | NR | + | + | shRNA | NR | MAPK signaling, cell cycle | 185 |
| DLD-1, HCT116 | Liver metastasis cancer tissue | Poor prognosis (+) | + | + | siRNA | NR | Regulated by miR-132 | 186 | |
| SW480 | + | Poor prognosis (+) | NR | + | siRNA | NR | EGFR signaling, regulated by miR-144 | 187 | |
+, positive effect; –, negative effect; NR, no report. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; PBMCs, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; TNM, tumor, lymph nodes and metastasis.