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. 2021 Summer;14(3):221–228.

Table 3.

Association between Tertiles Dietary Insulin Index with Risk of NAFLD and Biochemical Parameters

Variable (No case/No control) Tertiles of food Insulin Index P trend
T1(30/67) T2(57/67) T3(82/66)
NAFLDa
Model 1* 1.00 (Ref) 2.8(1.6-4.83) 1.4(0.88-2.48) <0.001
Model 2† 1.00 (Ref) 1.45(0.72 - 2.94) 2.87 (1.18 – 6.96) 0.017
Overweight or obesityb
Model 1* 1.00 (Ref) 0.69 (0.23- 2.58) 2.33 (0.97-5.75) 0.04
Model 2‡ 1.00 (Ref) 1.72 (0.85–3.50) 3.61 (1.87–6.97) < 0.001
High FBS levela 1.00 (Ref) 1.18 (0.66-2.09) 1.98 (1.13- 3.49) 0.016
High LDL levela 1.00 (Ref) 1.87(0.92-3.8) 2.77(1.39-5.50) 0.004
High TG levela 1.00 (Ref) 1.62(0.85- 3.08) 2.4(1.21-4.5) 0.005
High HDL levela 1.00 (Ref) 1. 90(1.02-3.81) 1.81(0.96-3.52) 0.08
High ALT levela 1.00 (Ref) 2.26(0.69-5.1) 1.68(0.61-3.1) 0.04
High AST levela 1.00 (Ref) 2.9(0.9-3.1) 1.73(0.51-2.13) 0.03

* Model 1: adjusted for age and sex; † Model 2: adjusted for model 1 and BMI, physical activity, biochemical parameters, energy intake, fructose, fat intake, refined grains; ‡ Model 2: adjusted for model 1 and physical activity, biochemical parameters, and energy intake; fasting blood sugar (FBS), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST)