Figure 2.

Immunization

Various types of antigens (eg, MDA-LDL, PC, ApoB-100 peptide) were shown to have an atheroprotective effect in pre-clinical models. Whether any of these antigens work and how they work in human are still unanswered questions. A potential mechanism underlining atheroprotective effect of the immunization includes stimulation of antigen specific immunoglobulin (IgM or IgG) production. These immunoglobulins can potentially bind to oxidized LDL to prevent formation of foam cells leading to a plaque formation. However, detailed characterization of B cells responsible for immunoglobulin production to limit atherosclerosis is still needed. ApoB = apoliprotein B; MDA-LDL = malondialdehyde modified low density lipoprotein; OxLDL = oxidized low density lipoprotein; other abbreviations as in Figure 1.