Table 1.
Male volunteers participating in the study
| NGT (n = 85) | IFG (n = 25) | IGT (n = 14) | T2D (n = 24) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 51 ± 1 | 53 ± 2 | 55 ± 2 | 57 ± 2a |
| Weight (kg) | 83.1 ± 1.6 | 86.5 ± 3.1 | 97.6 ± 2.8b | 95.4 ± 3.1b |
| Height (cm) | 180 ± 1 | 178 ± 1 | 180 ± 2 | 179 ± 1 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7 ± 0.4 | 27.3 ± 0.8 | 30.3 ± 1.1b | 29.8 ± 1.0c |
| Waist (cm) | 95 ± 1 | 100 ± 2 | 108 ± 3c | 106 ± 3c |
| Hip (cm) | 99 ± 1 | 100 ± 1 | 106 ± 2b | 103 ± 1 |
| WHR | 0.95 ± 0.01 | 0.99 ± 0.01 | 1.02 ± 0.02b | 1.03 ± 0.02c |
| fB-glucose (mmol/L) (n) | 5.3 ± 0.08 (24) | 5.4 ± 0.2 (10) | 5.0 ± 0.3 (5) | 6.7 ± 0.3c, d, e (11) |
| fP-glucose (mmol/L) (n) | 5.5 ± 0.05 (61) | 6.3 ± 0.2 b (15) | 6.3 ± 0.2 a (9) | 7.6 ± 0.4 c, d, e (13) |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.3 ± 0.03 | 5.4 ± 0.07 | 5.6 ± 0.09 | 6.3 ± 0.12 c, d, e |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 35 ± 0.3 | 35 ± 0.8 | 37 ± 1.0 | 45 ± 1.3c, d, e |
| Fasting serum insulin (mU/l) | 8 ± 1 | 13 ± 2 a | 18 ± 2 c | 18 ± 3 c |
| Fasting serum cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 4.4 ± 0.1 | 4.3 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.2 |
| Fasting serum triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 1.8 ± 0.2 b | 1.5 ± 0.1 a |
| Fasting serum HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.03 | 1.3 ± 0.05 | 1.1 ± 0.05 c | 1.2 ± 0.05 |
| Fasting serum LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.7 ± 0.05 | 1.7 ± 0.06 | 1.7 ± 0.14 | 1.5 ± 0.09 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.4 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.4 a | 3.4 ± 0.5 c | 4.2 ± 0.6 c, f |
Data are given as mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA followed by Sidak's post hoc test for multiple comparisons.
a
p < 0.05 vs NGT.
b
p < 0.01 vs NGT.
c
p < 0.001 vs NGT.
d
p < 0.001 vs IFG.
e
p < 0.001 vs IGT.
f
p < 0.01 vs IFG.