TABLE 3.
Mean differences (95% CI) in clinical and biological markers for NCDs between exposed and unexposed1
| Crude difference (95% CI) | Adjusted difference (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Anthropometry | ||
| Waist circumference, cm (n = 925) | 1.2 (0.02, 2.3) | |
| Hip circumference, cm (n = 922) | −1.5 (−2.6, −0.5) | |
| Waist-to-hip ratio (n = 921) | 0.03 (0.02, 0.05) | |
| Waist-to-height ratio (n = 925) | 0.01 (0.01, 0.02) | |
| Muscle strength, kg (n = 688) | −2.9 (−4.2, −1.6) | −3.0 (−4.3, −1.7)a |
| BP, mm Hg | ||
| Systolic BP (n = 627) | −0.7 (−2.8, 1.4) | |
| Diastolic BP (n = 687) | −0.7 (−2.3, 0.9) | |
| Mean BP (n = 627) | −0.9 (−2.5, 0.7) | |
| Glucose | ||
| Glycemia, mg/dL (n = 717) | 1.4 (−0.9, 3.7) | 1.1 (−1.3, 3.4)a |
| HbA1c, % (n = 110) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.6) | 0.4 (0.2, 0.6)a |
| Lipid profile, mg/dL | ||
| Total cholesterol (n = 755) | −4.9 (−10.1, 0.3) | −3.8 (−9.3, 1.8) (n = 672)c |
| HDL-C (n = 755) | −0.6 (−1.8, 0.7) | −0.5 (−1.9, 0.8) (n = 672)c |
| LDL-C (n = 731) | −4.1 (−8.6, 0.4) | −2.8 (−7.6, 2.0) (n = 650)c |
| Triglyceride (n = 734) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.04)2 | 1.00 (0.97, 1.04)2,a |
| Creatinine, mg/dL (n = 752) | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | |
| Albumin, mg/dL (n = 752) | −0.06 (−0.10, −0.01) | −0.04 (−0.09, 0.01)b (n = 669) |
1
Difference with 95% CI calculated by linear regression. BP, blood pressure, HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; NCD, noncommunicable diseases; SES, socioeconomic status.
2
Geometric means ratio.
a
Adjusted for diet diversity.
b
Adjusted for SES.
c
Adjusted for diet diversity and SES.