Table 1.
Total | PA patterns | pa | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | E | ||||
N (%) | 254 (100) | 71 (28) | 70 (28) | 61 (24) | 32 (13) | 20 (8) | ||
Males, n (%) | 101 (40) | 19 (27) | 25 (36) | 22 (36) | 26 (81) | 9 (45) | < 0.001 | |
MVPA mean per day: hours and minutes (SD) | ||||||||
age 15 | 1:22 (0:33) | 0:47 (0:12) | 1:19 (0:17) | 1:25 (0:12) | 2:20 (0:24) | 1:50 (0:28) |
A < B-E < 0.001 B < D < 0.001 B < E 0.004 C < D < 0.001 |
|
age 19 | 1:05b (0:34) | 0:39 (0:15) | 1:25 (0:15) | 0:44 (0:11) | 1:07 (0:21) | 2:25 (0:31) |
A < B,D,E < 0.001 B > C < 0.001 B < D 0.037 B < E < 0.001 C < D,E < 0.001 D < E < 0.001 |
|
Sports club participation | ||||||||
age 15, n (%) | 176 (69) | 29 (41) | 51 (73) | 47 (77) | 31 (97) | 18 (90) | < 0.001 | |
age 19, n (%) | 97 (38) | 9 (13) | 33 (47) | 23 (38) | 19 (59) | 13 (65) | < 0.001 | |
p for sig. Over time | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.062 | ||
changea n (%) |
never | 76 (30) | 41 (58) | 18 (26) | 14 (23) | 1 (3) | 2 (10) | < 0.001 |
dropout | 81 (32) | 21 (30) | 19 (27) | 24 (39) | 12 (38) | 5 (25) | 0.499 | |
maintenance | 95 (37) | 8 (11) | 32 (46) | 23 (38) | 19 (59) | 13 (65) | < 0.001 | |
adopt | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – | |
Active commuting | ||||||||
age 15, n (%) | 142 (57) | 32 (47) | 40 (58) | 35 (57) | 20 (67) | 15 (75) | 0.161 | |
age 19, n (%) | 76 (30) | 17 (24) | 25 (36) | 20 (33) | 6 (19) | 8 (42) | 0.228 | |
p for sig. Over time | < 0.001 | 0.009 | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.008 | 0.039 | ||
changea n (%) |
never | 78 (32) | 30 (49) | 22 (36) | 18 (34) | 5 (20) | 3 (17) | 0.036 |
dropout | 94 (38) | 21 (31) | 22 (32) | 23 (38) | 19 (63) | 9 (47) | 0.024 | |
maintenance | 47 (19) | 10 (16) | 18 (29) | 12 (23) | 1 (4) | 6 (33) | 0.042 | |
adopt | 27 (11) | 6 (9) | 7 (10) | 8 (13) | 5 (17) | 1 (5) | 0.732 | |
School physical education at age 15, mean minutes (n) | 135 (239) | 108 (66) | 144 (66) | 143 (59) | 139 (28) | 170 (20) |
A < B 0.022 A < C 0.017 A < E 0.001 |
A = Inactivity maintainers, B = Activity maintainers, C = Decreasers from moderate PA, D = Decreasers from high PA, E = Increasers, MVPA = moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, PA = physical activity
a p-values have been calculated comparing the frequency of the individual response category to each of the corresponding response categories for the other PA patterns (e.g. dropout vs. no dropout (= never+maintenance+adopt))
b Significance over time p < 0.001. At age 15: 1 h 22 min = 9.7% of device wear-time; at age 19: 1 h 5 min = 7.9% of device wear-time
Note: p-values have been assessed using the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test (in cases of sparse data) for categorical variables. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used in analysing differences in mean values between PA patterns cross-sectionally (post hoc Dunn’s test adjusted by the Bonferroni correction for multiple tests); the McNemar test and the Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were used to analyse differences over time