Table 2.

Engineering of protein secretory pathway in yeast

Yeast strain	Gene targeted	Outcome	Reference
S. cerevisiae	HSF1	Reduce stress	[72]
	SCJ1	Involved in protein folding	[150]
	PDI1	Formation of disulfide bonds	[151]
	SIL1	Endoplasmic reticulum translocation	[63]
	JEM1	Chaperone binding
	HAC1	Regulation of unfolded protein response	[152]
	UBI4	Post translation modification	[153]
	CYM1	Remove protease activity by gene disruption	[154]
	KEX2	Remove protease activity by gene disruption	[155]
	VPS10	Enhance protein secretion	[156, 157]
	MON2	Deletion prevents vesicle formation and enhance secretion	[158]
	SSO	Helps in transportation from golgi to plasma membrane	[159]
	ALG3, ALG11	Formation of N glycans similar to humans	[92]
	OCH1	Elongation during glycosylation	[160]
	MNN4	Mannosylphosphorylation	[85]
S. pombe	PPP20	Disruption of aminopeptidase	[79, 161]
	ATG4	Disruption of cysteine protease
	FMA2	Disruption of methionine aminopeptidase
	OMA1	Disruption of metalloendopeptidase
	FMA2	Disruption of methionine aminopeptidase
	VPS10	Enhance protein secretion
	OMH1	Modifying O linked glycans	[162]
	GMS1	UDP galactose transportation	[87]
P. pastoris	SSA1	Protein folding	[67, 68]
	SSA4
	SSE1
	SEC63	Transportation of proteins	[155]
	CUP5		[67]
	BFR2
	KIN2
	OCH1	Decrease addition of mannose	[89]
	ALG3	Proper glycosylation
	YPS1	Diminish protease activity	[163]
K. lactis	PDI1	Disulfide bond formation	[65, 164]
	ERO1	Folding of protein	[65]
	OCH1	Decrease addition of mannose	[88]
	MNN1	Decrease addition of mannose	[12]
Y. lipolitica	OCH1	Decrease addition of mannose	[88]
H. polymorpha	CNE1	Protein folding	[165]
	ALG3	Proper glycosylation	[86]
	OCH1	Decrease addition of mannose	[86]