TABLE 6.
miRNAs and mouse models
| miRNA | Function | Target | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| miR‐21 | Induced by Th2 cytokines in DC and macrophages and promotes type 2‐ driven inflammation | IL‐12p35 | 130, 131, 132, 133 |
| miR‐126 | Induced in airway wall and promotes type 2 inflammation | TOM1 | 128, 129 |
| let‐7a‐e | Downregulated in CD4+ T cells and suppresses type 2 inflammation | IL‐13 | 140 |
| miR‐ 145 | Induced by allergen exposure and promotes type 2 inflammation | 139 | |
| miR‐155 |
Induced in ILC2 in type 2 inflamed airways and neutralization ameliorates experimental asthma phenotype. Involved in Th2‐mediated airway inflammation. Regulates mast cell activity |
S1pr1 PU.1(?) PI3Kγ pathway(?) |
41, 122, 123, 124, 125, 200 |
| miR‐23~27 | Type 2 cells lacking this miR‐cluster express elevated type 2 cytokines | Gene network regulating IL‐4 | 11, 138 |
| miR‐17‐92 | Mice deficient in this miR‐cluster develop an augmented experimental asthma phenotype | 126 | |
| miR‐19a | Upregulated in asthmatic airways and promotes experimental asthma | SOCS1/A20 | 61 |
| miR‐19b | Downregulated in asthmatic airways. Exogenous delivery of miR‐19b mimics ameliorates experimental asthma | TSLP | 127 |
|
miR network miR‐27b (up) miR‐206 (down) miR‐106b (down) miR‐203 (down) miR‐23b (up) |
A miR‐network is induced in lung‐resident type 2 cells and comprises a combination of induced miRs‐27b and ‐23b as well as silenced miR‐206, miR106b, and miR‐203. Antagonism of expression levels reduces type 2 cytokine expression | Fine tuning of multiple pathways, that suppress inhibitory signals and allow activation and survival of type 2 cells | 164 |
| miR‐1 | Downregulated by VEGF. Intranasal miR‐1 delivery inhibited inflammatory responses in experimental asthma models | Mpl | 201, 202 |
| miR‐221 | Influences effector functions and actin cytoskeleton in mast cells | ND | 203 |
ND—not determined in publications cited in the current table, may be described by other studies.