Table 3.
Serological, Molecular, and Histological Analysis Results From Blood and Skin Samples
| Parameters | Groups (n = 37) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Seronegative (n = 11) |
Seropositive (n = 8) |
P | Confirmed (n = 18) | ||||
| Stage 1 (n = 4) | Stage 2 (n = 14) | All (n = 18) | P | ||||
| Trypanolysis | |||||||
| LiTat 1.3 positive (n = 36) | 0/10 (0%) | 2/8 (25%) | .1830 | 4/4 (100%) | 14/14 (100%) | 18/18 (100%) | <.0001 |
| LiTat 1.5 positive (n = 36) | 0/10 (0%) | 2/8 (25%) | .1830 | 4/4 (100%) | 12/14 (86%) | 16/18 (89%) | <.0001 |
| LiTat 1.6 positive (n = 36) | 0/10 (0%) | 2/8 (25%) | .1830 | 4/4 (100%) | 12/14 (86%) | 16/18 (89%) | <.0001 |
| Positive for all VATs (n = 36) | 0/10 (0%) | 2/8 (25%) | .1830 | 4/4 (100%) | 12/14 (86%) | 16/18 (89%) | <.0001 |
| Negative for all VATs (n = 36) | 10/10 (100%) | 6/8 (75%) | .1830 | 0/4 (0%) | 0/14 (0%) | 0/18 (0%) | <.0001 |
| PCR on blood | |||||||
| TBR positive (n = 37) | 0/11 (0%) | 0/8 (0%) | >.9999 | 4/4 (100%) | 14/14 (100%) | 18/18 (100%) | <.0001 |
| TgsGP positive (n = 37) | 0/11 (0%) | 0/8 (0%) | >.9999 | 2/4 (50%) | 10/14 (71%) | 12/18 (67%) | .0004 |
| Negative for all PCRs on blood (n = 37) | 11/11 (100%) | 8/8 (100%) | >.9999 | 0/4 (0%) | 0/14 (0%) | 0/18 (0%) | <.0001 |
| PCR on skin | |||||||
| TBR positive (n = 37) | 0/11 (0%) | 6/8 (75%) | .0010 | 1/4 (25%) | 13/14 (93%) | 14/18 (78%) | <.0001 |
| TgsGP positive (n = 37) | 0/11 (0%) | 0/8 (0%) | >.9999 | 0/4 (0%) | 0/14 (0%) | 0/18 (0%) | >.9999 |
| Negative for all PCRs on skin (n = 37) | 11/11 (100%) | 2/8 (25%) | .0010 | 3/4 (75%) | 1/14 (7%) | 4/18 (22%) | <.0001 |
| Histology | |||||||
| Dermal touchpreps (n = 22, 3 reads) | ND | 2/6 (33%) | 1/3 (33%) | 12/13 (92%) | 13/16 (81%) | ||
| H&E section (n = 36, 1 read) | 0/11 (0%) | 6/8 (75%) | .0010 | 4/4 (100%) | 8/13 (62%) | 12/17 (71%) | .0003 |
| Giemsa section (n = 37, 2 reads) | 0/11 (0%) | 4/8 (50%) | .0181 | 0/4 (0%) | 14/14 (100%) | 14/18 (78%) | <.0001 |
| IHC Hsp70 (n = 31, 1 read) | 0/11 (0%) | 1/4 (25%) | .2667 | 1/4 (25%) | 11/12 (92%) | 12/16 (75%) | .0002 |
| IHC ISG65 (n = 37, 3 reads) | 0/11 (0%) | 8/8 (100%) | <.0001 | 4/4 (100%) | 14/14 (100%) | 18/18 (100%) | <.0001 |
| Negative for all reads (n = 37) | 11/11 (100%) | 0/8 (0%) | <.0001 | 0/4 (0%) | 0/17 (0%) | 0/18 (0%) | <.0001 |
Data are presented as n/total (%). For each group and each parameter, total values correspond to the numbers of subjects for which a value was available (n/total). P values were obtained by comparing one by one the parameters of each group of seropositive subjects (unconfirmed and all confirmed) with those of seronegative controls using 2-sided Fisher’s exact tests at 5% confidence.
Abbreviations: H&E, hematoxylin-eosin; Hsp70, heat shock protein 70; IHC, immunohistochemistry; ISG65, invariant surface glycoprotein 65; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; TBR, T. brucei–specific; TgsGP, Trypanosoma gambiense-specific glycoprotein; VAT, variable antigen type.