Table 1.
General characteristics and clinical outcomes according to cohort.
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Cohort |
p-value | ||
| GGO | OP | |||
| Patients | 112 | 47 | 65 | |
| Age, years | 67.5 (12.1) | 73.1 (9.0) | 63.4 (12.4) | <0.001 |
| Male | 76 (67.9) | 35 (74.5) | 41 (63.1) | 0.203 |
| CCI, points | 3.4 (1.9) | 3.8 (1.6) | 3.1 (2.1) | 0.069 |
| DNI order | 60 (53.6) | 32 (68.1) | 28 (43.1) | 0.009 |
| Length of symptoms, days | 8.5 (3.7) | 8.0 (3.5) | 8.9 (3.9) | 0.241 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| Leucocytes, 10⁹ cells per L | 7.9 (4.1) | 9.0 (5.1) | 7.1 (2.9) | 0.012 |
| Lymphocyte, 10⁹ cells per L | 0.9 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.4) | 1.0 (0.4) | 0.322 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 152.6 (79.9) | 171.3 (82.4) | 139.0 (75.8) | 0.034 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 0.5 (0.7) | 0.6 (1.0) | 0.4 (0.5) | 0.076 |
| Ferritin>1500 ng/mL | 32 (30.8) | 15 (35.7) | 17 (27.4) | 0.037 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 444.1 (174.2) | 485.9 (178.5) | 413.9 (165.9) | 0.030 |
| Interleukin-6, pg/mL | 138.4 (336.1) | 228.6 (513.8) | 80.2 (96.1) | 0.025 |
| D-dimer, μg/mL | 2407.0 (8239.4) | 3032.3 (10,023.3) | 1967.3 (6762.8) | 0.509 |
| PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | 94.9 (35.1) | 86.3 (29.5) | 101.8 (37.9) | 0.024 |
| NIRS | ||||
| HFNC | 95 (67.0) | 37(78.7) | 58 (89.2) | 0.126 |
| CPAP/NIV | 37 (33.0) | 19 (40.4) | 18 (27.7) | 0.157 |
| Treatment | ||||
| Corticosteroids | 111 (99.1) | 46 (97.9) | 65 (100.0) | 0.420 |
| Remdesivir | 7 (6.3) | 3 (6.4) | 4 (6.2) | 0.961 |
| Clinical outcomes and relative probability | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Cohort |
p-value | ||
| OP | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Length of stay, days | 15.4 (12.1) | 15.6 (9.6) | 1.000 (1.000–1.000) | 0.495 |
| ETI | ||||
| Crude | 17 (18.3) | 7 (10.8) | 0.08 (0.02–0.39) | 0.002 |
| Adjusted# | 0.06 (0.01–0.44) | 0.003 | ||
| Hospital mortality | 41 (36.6) | 5 (7.7) | ||
| Crude | 0.03 (0.01–0.08) | <0.001 | ||
| Adjusted# | 0.03 (0.01–0.11) | <0.001 | ||
Data are presented as n (%) or mean (SD). GGO: ground glass opacities; OP: organizing pneumonia; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; DNI: “do not intubate”; PaO2/FiO2: arterial oxygen tension /inspiratory oxygen fraction; NIRS: noninvasive respiratory support; HFNC: high flow nasal cannula; CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure; NIV: nonivasive ventilation; ETI: endotracheal intubation.
#
: adjusted for age, CCI, DNI order and arterial oxygen tension/inspiratory oxygen fraction ratio.