Table 2.

Demographic characteristics of study participants

	Autism (N = 26)	TD (N = 25)	P-value
Age (mean ± SD, range; years)	32.93 ± 9.24, 19.29−52.93	34.43 ± 9.02, 20.45−49.21	0.56
Sex (male/female)	19/7	17/8	0.69
Years of education (mean ± SD, range)	14.67 ± 2.28, 12−19	15.32 ± 2.36, 12−19	0.33
Clinical scores:
AQ (mean ± SD, range)
Total	32.92 ± 5.19, 22−41	15.16 ± 5.41, 5−26	< 0.0001
Social skill	6.96 ± 1.61, 3−9	2.40 ± 2.02, 0−8	< 0.0001
Attention switching	7.27 ± 1.82, 3−10	3.28 ± 1.90, 0−7	< 0.0001
Attention to detail	4.96 ± 1.93, 2−9	4.28 ± 2.13, 0−8	0.24
Communication	7.31 ± 1.83, 3−10	2.00 ± 1.80, 0−6	< 0.0001
Imagination	6.42 ± 1.60, 4−9	3.20 ± 1.58, 1−7	< 0.0001
EQ (mean ± SD, range)	24.50 ± 7.42, 11−35	38.56 ± 10.76, 23−60	< 0.0001
SQ (mean ± SD, range)	26.73 ± 14.32, 5−59	22.40 ± 9.76, 1−47	0.22
Global brain volumes
ICV (mean ± SD; mL)	1415.94 ± 218.66	1318.14 ± 258.43	0.15
Normalized WM volume (WM volume /ICV)	0.34 ± 0.04	0.36 ± 0.05	0.09
Normalized GM volume (GM volume/ICV)	0.44 ± 0.06	0.48 ± 0.06	0.08

AQ, autism-spectrum quotient; EQ, empathy quotient; GM, gray matter; SD, standard deviation; SQ, systemizing quotient; TD, typically developing subjects; WM, white matter