Table 1.
Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer during COVID-19 Pandemic Compared to 2019: Pre-operative Demographics, Comorbidities, Clinical Staging, Neoadjuvant Treatment, and Time to Surgery
| 2019 Group |
COVID-19 Group |
p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Number of patients (n total = 96) | % | Number of patients (n total = 37) | % | ||
| Age, years | Median (IQR) | 66.35 | 60.3, 71.7 | 66.34 | 59.4, 72.9 | 0.952 |
| Gender, Male | 78 | 81.25 | 32 | 86.49 | 0.612 | |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | Median (IQR) | 28.0 | 24.4, 32.3 | 28.0 | 24.8, 32.3 | 0.914 |
| Barrett's esophagus | 27 | 28.13 | 5.00 | 13.51 | 0.112 | |
| Pre-operative Atrial Fibrillation | 14 | 14.58 | 3.00 | 8.11 | 0.396 | |
| History of Other Cancer | 18 | 18.75 | 10.00 | 27.03 | 0.344 | |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 4 | 4.17 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.576 | |
| Coronary Artery Disease | 13 | 13.54 | 4.00 | 10.81 | 0.779 | |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 12 | 12.50 | 5.00 | 13.51 | 1.00 | |
| Hypertension | 62 | 64.58 | 17.00 | 45.95 | 0.075 | |
| Diabetes | 15 | 15.63 | 8.00 | 21.62 | 0.447 | |
| Smoker | Never | 21 | 21.88 | 8.00 | 21.62 | 0.678 |
| Current | 19 | 19.79 | 10.00 | 27.03 | ||
| Former | 56 | 58.33 | 19.00 | 51.35 | ||
| Clinical Stage | Stage I | 6.0 | 6.3 | 3.0 | 8.1 | 0.708 |
| (EUS) | Stage II | 10.0 | 10.4 | 3.0 | 8.1 | 1.000 |
| Stage III | 40.0 | 41.7 | 23.0 | 62.2 | 0.052 | |
| Stage IVa | 9.0 | 9.4 | 2.0 | 5.4 | 0.727 | |
| Stage IVb | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 2.7 | 1.000 | |
| Not Reported | 29.0 | 30.2 | 5.0 | 13.5 | 0.074 | |
| Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy | 86 | 89.58 | 35 | 94.59 | 0.509 | |
| Chemotherapy Only | 1 | 1.04 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Radiation Therapy Only | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Surgery Only | 9 | 9.38 | 2 | 5.41 | ||
| Time to Surgery, days | Median (IQR) | 50 | 40, 67 | 53 | 37.5, 63.5 | 0.601 |
| from Last Dose of Neoadjuvant Treatment | ||||||
COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; COVID-19 group, esophagectomy patients from March-June 2020; 2019 group, esophagectomy patients from calendar year 2019; IQR, interquartile range for non-normal distribution data with 25th and 75th percentiles; BMI, body mass index in kg/m2; EUS, endoscopic ultrasound.