Table 2.
Labeling used in the GUI of mainstream software for the different approaches
| Tutorial | Mplus ‘manual’ | Latent Gold | Key references |
|---|---|---|---|
| BCH | BCH | BCH | Vermunt (2010) |
| ML | With equal variances: DE3step | ML | Vermunt (2010) |
| With unequal variances: DU3step | |||
| Covariate: R3step | |||
| LTB | Categorical: Dcat | Only from syntax | Lanza et al. (2013) |
| Continuous Dcont | |||
| Two‐step | Only from syntax | Bakk–Kuha in LG 5.1 a | Bakk and Kuha (2018) |
a
In earlier versions of Latent GOLD manual implementation is possible. In Appendix A we show the manual version. This can also be implemented in any other software for LC analysis that allows for fixed effect parameters.