Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population by diabetes status
| Total population (n = 46,633; weighted n = 246,733,767) | With diabetes (n = 5,455; weighted n = 25,233,079)‖ | Without diabetes (n = 41,178; weighted n = 221,500,688) | P‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | <0.0001 | |||
| ≤44 | 45.67 (0.51) | 11.32 (0.68) | 49.58 (0.54) | |
| 45–64 | 33.79 (0.39) | 44.73 (1.00) | 32.54 (0.41) | |
| ≥65 | 20.55 (0.40) | 43.95 (1.02) | 17.88 (0.41) | |
| Sex | 0.0142 | |||
| Male | 48.27 (0.27) | 50.40 (0.90) | 48.03 (0.29) | |
| Female | 51.73 (0.27) | 49.60 (0.90) | 51.97 (0.29) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.0001 | |||
| Hispanic | 16.04 (0.64) | 16.14 (0.96) | 16.03 (0.64) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 63.19 (0.80) | 60.16 (1.24) | 63.53 (0.82) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 11.85 (0.51) | 15.14 (0.82) | 11.48 (0.50) | |
| Non-Hispanic other | 8.92 (0.43) | 8.57 (0.83) | 8.96 (0.42) | |
| Education level | <0.0001 | |||
| Some or no high school | 13.36 (0.34) | 19.00 (0.91) | 12.72 (0.34) | |
| High school graduate | 29.12 (0.44) | 33.25 (1.16) | 28.65 (0.46) | |
| At least some college | 57.52 (0.60) | 47.75 (1.36) | 58.63 (0.62) | |
| Married | 0.0017 | |||
| No | 47.84 (0.51) | 44.62 (1.09) | 48.21 (0.54) | |
| Yes | 52.16 (0.51) | 55.38 (1.09) | 51.79 (0.54) | |
| Family annual income | <0.0001 | |||
| Poor (<100% FPL) | 10.85 (0.30) | 14.33 (0.65) | 10.46 (0.30) | |
| Low (100–199% FPL) | 16.09 (0.32) | 22.12 (0.79) | 15.40 (0.34) | |
| Middle (200–399% FPL) | 28.78 (0.43) | 28.20 (0.95) | 28.85 (0.45) | |
| High (≥400% FPL) | 44.28 (0.63) | 35.35 (1.19) | 45.29 (0.65) | |
| Dental insurance | <0.0001 | |||
| Some private | 53.60 (0.59) | 39.53 (1.10) | 55.20 (0.60) | |
| Only public | 13.51 (0.41) | 19.44 (0.80) | 12.84 (0.41) | |
| Neither | 32.89 (0.48) | 41.03 (1.10) | 31.96 (0.51) | |
| Dental services use† | 41.41 (0.51) | 36.48 (0.96) | 41.97 (0.51) | <0.0001 |
| Current smoker | 0.9562 | |||
| No | 86.83 (0.34) | 86.79 (0.76) | 86.83 (0.36) | |
| Yes | 13.17 (0.34) | 13.21 (0.76) | 13.17 (0.36) | |
| Other diseases§ | <0.0001 | |||
| No | 82.89 (0.31) | 53.68 (1.03) | 86.21 (0.28) | |
| Yes | 17.11 (0.31) | 46.32 (1.03) | 13.79 (0.28) | |
| Geographic region | 0.0001 | |||
| Northeast | 17.80 (0.57) | 15.86 (0.76) | 18.03 (0.61) | |
| Midwest | 20.85 (0.66) | 21.39 (1.09) | 20.79 (0.71) | |
| South | 37.59 (0.73) | 41.97 (1.23) | 37.09 (0.76) | |
| West | 23.76 (0.57) | 20.77 (1.02) | 24.10 (0.76) |
Data are weighted % (SE).
†
Have a past year dental visit.
‡
χ2 test was used to test the distribution difference of categories between individuals with and without diabetes.
§
Includes heart disease, stroke, diabetes-caused kidney damage, and eye problems.
‖
Diabetes was identified by the survey question, “Other than during pregnancy, have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional that you had diabetes or sugar diabetes?” in MEPS Priority Conditions Enumeration (PE) Section. Also, MEPS only included noninstitutionalized adults.