Table 2.

Search results (N=16 papers) organized by ecodevelopmental theory framework.

Author	Publication year	Sample characteristics						Domain	Primary findings
Author	Publication year	Age range	N	Percent latinx	Gender	Geographic region	JJS involvement	Domain	Primary findings
Microsystem
1. Winkelman, Binswanger, & Pinals	2017	12–17	1,174	100	35% female	United States	History of arrest, probation, or detention in past year	Individual: substance use and physical health disorders Microsystem: JJS (contact)	Latinx youth with prior justice-involvement, had high rates of substance use, physical health disorders when compared to Black and White, justice-involved youth
2. Teplin, Abram, McClelland, Dulcan, & Mericle	2002	10–18	1,829	29.7%	64% male^a	Cook County, Illinois	Detained for pretrial	Individual: Behavioral health needs Microsystem: JJS (detainment)	Latinx females had high rates of unmet behavioral health needs at time of detainment
3. Johnston, Argueza, Graham, Bruce, Chamberlain, & Anoshiravani	2016	14–19	27	86%	100% female^a	Northern California	Detained	Individual: Sexual health Microsystem: Health Services	High need for sexual healthcare; difficulty with accessing sexual healthcare
4. Caldwell, Silver, & Strada	2010	11–18	438	34%	65% male^a	Western Region U.S.	Adjudicated	Individual: Behavioral risk (i.e., mental health and substance use) Microsystem: Family (composition and history of substance use)	Latinx youth in reconstituted families reported higher self-esteem; Latinx youth reported large amounts of cocaine use, low amounts of other drug use compared to Caucasian
5. Vidourek, King, Merianos, & Barts ch	2016	12–17	3,477	100%	49.9% male	U.S. (National)	History of arrest, probation, or parole	Individual: Behavioral risk (i.e., depression & substance use) Microsystems: Family (Parenting style), Peers (peer norms), School (school experience)	Positive predictors of legal involvement: Latinx ethnicity, male, 14 to 17 years of age, experiencing authoritarian parenting, negative school experience, and recent alcohol use
Mesosystem
6. Dillon, Pantin, Robbins, & Szapocznick	2008	12–17	190	60%	85.8% Male^a	Florida	Justice involved, substance use treatment, and community agencies	Individual: Behavioral risk (i.e., externalizing behavior, drug use, & sexual risk) Microsystems: Family (Family functioning) Mesosystem: Family-Peers (parental monitoring of peers)	More parental monitoring of peers did not mediate the association between family functioning and externalizing behavior
7. Caldwell, Beutler, Ross, & Silver	2006	13–17	95	100% (Mexican)	100% male	Southern California	On probation	Individual: Self-esteem, delinquency Mesosystem: Family-multiple systems (parent monitoring)	More parental monitoring associated with less delinquency
8. Cavanagh & Cauffman	2015	13–17	155	100%	100% male	Southern California	History of previous arrest	Individual: Offending behavior Mesosystems: Family - JJS (parent perceptions of police)	Undocumented families have negative perceptions of police compared to documented families
Exo system
9. Vazonyi & Chen	2010	8–18	2,754	55.4%	50.2% male^a	Tucson, Arizona	History of status and delinquent offenses	Microsystem: JJS (entry risk) Exosystem: Discrimination in JJS (Disproportionate risk by ethnicity)	Biases by ethnicity/race; Latinx youth at greatest risk for entry into JJS
10. Feldstein Ewing, Venner, Mead, & Bryan	2011	14–17	651	41%	66% male^a	Denver & Adams Counties, Colorado	On probation	Individual: Substance use Exosystem: Discrimination in JJS (Disproportionate contact by racial and ethnic minorities)	Racial and ethnic differences in the representation and patterns of substance use
11. White	2016	10–17	5,501	42%	Not specified	Maricopa, Arizona	Adjudicated	Individual: Mental healthMicrosystem: JJS (confinement) Exosystem: Discrimination in JJS (Differential sentencing by ethnicity)	Latinx youth had the lowest rates of mental health disorders but sentenced to confinement at the highest rates
Macrosystem
12. Miller	2015	< 18	743	100%	Not specified	U.S. (National)	History of police contact, arrest, conviction,	Individual: Health outcomes Macrosystem: Generational status	More time spent in the U.S. is associated with negative health outcomes
13. Tapia	2016	12–16	1,412	100%	Not specified	U.S. National)	History of arrest	Microsystem: JJS (contact) Macrosystem: Generational status	U.S.-born Latinx youth were most frequently arrested group; foreign-born Latinx youth were convicted at a higher rate yet had less contact with JJS over time
14. Karoly, Callahan, Schmiege, & Feldstein Ewing	2016	13–18	323	100%	73% male	Southwest U.S.	On probation or alternative to incarceration	Individual: Sexual risk Mesosystem: Parental monitoring Macrosystem: Generational status	Second-generation and beyond, parental monitoring of whereabouts was associated with less risky sexual behavior
15. Bond-Maupin & Maupin	1998	10–17	591	92.2% Hispanic	71.7% male3	Rural New Mexico	On probation and parole	Microsystem: Contact with JJS Macrosystem: Social class	Youth living in poverty were at increased risk for contact with JJS
16. Rodriguez	2007	13–17	3,060	53%	64% male3	Phoenix, Arizona	History of detainment	Microsystem: Detainment Macrosystem: Social class	Latinx faced high rates of detainment regardless of SES

Note:

Reported for total sample. Not specified for Latinx sample.