TABLE 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristic data. Participants were grouped by the presence or absence of either Parkinson's disease or a GBA mutation

Parameter	GBA−/PD−	GBA+/PD−	GBA−/PD+	GBA+/PD+
n	77	83	75	135
Age (yr)	62.6 ± 1.2	62 ± 1.2	62.4 ± 1.2	64.4 ± 0.9
Sex (M/F)	40/37	32/51	37/38	84/51
AAO	−	−	57.5 ± 1.3	58.8 ± 0.9
MoCA	26.8 ± 0.3	26.5 ± 0.3	26.2 ± 0.4	25.1 ± 0.4 a b
Education (yr)	16.7 ± 0.3	17.6 ± 0.4	17 ± 0.4	17 ± 0.3
UPDRS‐III	1 ± 0.2	1.5 ± 0.3	17.3 ± 1.2 a	18.8 ± 1 a
LEDD	−	−	413.8 ± 46.2	446.1 ± 33.4

Values are presented as mean ± SEM. Data were analyzed by one‐way ANOVA with a least‐significant difference post hoc test except sex, which was analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis followed by Mann–Whitney U.

^a P < 0.05 compared to the control group.

^b P < 0.05 compared to the PD group without a GBA mutation.

Abbreviations: PD, Parkinson's disease; M, male; F, female; AAO, age at clinical onset; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; UPDRS‐III, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III; LEDD, levodopa equivalent daily dosage.