TABLE 1.

Summary of G3BP1 post‐translational modifications and their effects on the protein

PTM	Residues	Proteins involved	Effects	References
Acetylation	K376	CBP/p300	Prevents G3BP1 binding to mRNA Prevents mRNA‐dependent binding to PABP1 SG disassembly	Gal et al., (2019)
Deacetylation	K376	HDAC6	Required for SG formation
Methylation	R435	PRMT1	Methylated during SG assembly and maintenance	Tsai et al., (2017)
	R447	PRMT1	Inhibits stress granules formation
	R460	PRMT5	Methylated during SG assembly and maintenance
	R435 a R447 a	PRMT8	Spine maturation	Lo et al., (2020)
Demethylation	R435 R447 R460	JMJD6	Promotes SG formation and G3BP1 oligomerization	Tsai et al., (2017)
Phosphorylation	S149	Casein kinase 2	Blocks G3BP1 RNA binding Allows axonal regeneration	Sahoo et al., (2018), Sahoo et al., (2020) and Yang et al., (2020)
	S232	—
Dephosphorylation	S149	—	Induces G3BP1 open conformation Enhances G3BP1 dimer binding to RNA	Guillén‐Boixet et al., (2020) and Yang et al., (2020)
	S232	—
ADMAs (asymmetric dimethyl arginine)	—	—	Decreased in SA stress	Tsai et al., (2017)
SDMAs (symmetric dimethyl arginine)	—	—	Increased in HS and ER stress
Parylation	—	PARP	Facilitates RBP recruitment to SGs	Leung et al., (2011)

Abbreviations: ADMA, assymetric dimethyl arginine; G3BP1, Ras‐GTPase‐activating protein (GAP)‐binding protein 1; HDAC6, histone deacetylase 6; PABP1, poly(A)‐binding protein 1; RBP, RNA‐binding protein; SDMA, symmetric dimethyl arginine.

^aLo et al, (2020) reported as R433 and R445 of the mouse sequence corresponding to R435 and R447 of the human sequence.