Table 7.

Catalytic systems, major products, maximum FEs, and mechanisms of Rh complexes in electrochemical CO₂ reduction (n.a.=not available, prop.=proposal, comp.=computational investigation, exp.=experimental evidence).

Entry	Cat. system	Substitution	Major product	Max. FE (%)	Mechanism	Basis	Method	Ref.
1	[Rh(dppe)2Cl]	–	HCO2 −	42	ETM	exp.	Chemical isolation	[268]
2a	cis‐[Rh(bpy)2(CF3SO3)2]+	–	HCO2 − Bu3N H2	83 [269] 59 [269] 29 [269]	ETM	prop.	n.a.	[ 269 , 271 ]
2b		–	HCO2 − H2	49 32	ETH	prop.	n.a.	[270a]
3		L=Cl L∩L∩L=2,4,6‐tris(2‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine n=0, 3	HCO2 −	82	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	[267]
4		L=Cl; L∩L=pyCONH2 L∩L∩L=bis‐(2‐pyridylcarbonyl)amide, tpy n=1, 2	HCO2 −	78	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	[267]
5	[Rh2L2(N∩N)2]2+	L=p‐ditolylformamidinate N∩N=phen, dipyrido[3,2‐f:2′,3′‐h]quinoxaline)	HCO2 − H2	12 77	ETH	prop.	n.a.	[270b]