Table 1.

Participant characteristics in the National Health and Aging Trends Study in 2011 by number of insomnia symptoms*

Unweighted N	Total sample (column %) N = 4,289	0 Insomnia symptoms n = 3,043	1 Insomnia symptom n = 763	2 Insomnia symptoms n = 483	p-value
Age, %					0.326
65–69	27.5	71.3	17.1	11.6
70–74	25.2	73.5	17.5	9.0
75–79	19.7	71.7	18.4	9.9
80–84	15.4	71.8	16.3	11.9
85–89	8.6	67.0	20.5	12.5
90+	3.6	70.8	19.5	33 (9.7)
Sex, %					<0.0001
Male	44.3	75.5	15.8	8.7
Female	55.7	68.6	19.2	12.2
Race/ethnicity, %					<0.01
White, non-Hispanic	84.7	72.3	17.8	9.9
Black, non-Hispanic	7.3	70.0	17.1	12.9
Hispanic	3.1	70.5	16.7	12.8
Other†	4.9	61.7	19.1	19.2
Education, %					<0.0001
<High School	20.7	63.2	20.1	16.7
High School Graduate	27.0	68.7	20.7	10.6
>High School	52.3	76.5	15.3	8.2
BMI (kg/m2)‡, %					0.121
<18.5	2.3	67.9	16.3	15.8
18.5–24.9	32.3	72.4	16.7	10.9
25–29.9	37.8	73.5	16.5	10.0
≥30.0	27.6	743 (68.7)	20.4	10.9
PHQ-2§, mean ± SD	0.96 ± 0.03	0.74 ± 0.03	1.30 ± 0.06	1.92 ± 0.09	<0.0001
GAD-2||, mean ± SD	0.93 ± 0.03	0.69 ± 0.02	1.35 ± 0.08	1.89 ± 0.08	<0.0001
No. of medical conditions, %					<0.0001
0 or 1	28.1	78.7	14.5	6.8
2	25.1	75.9	16.3	7.8
3	21.2	70.7	20.0	9.3
4+	25.6	61.6	20.2	18.2

*NHATS 2011; N = 4,289; community-dwelling older adults continuously enrolled in Medicare FFS for 365 days or who died within 365 days from the interview date. Responses of “every night” or “most nights” were categorized to indicate the presence of insomnia symptoms.

^†Other race/ethnicity includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, or other.

^‡BMI = body mass index.

^§PHQ-2 = 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (depressive symptoms).

^||GAD-2 = 2-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (anxiety symptoms).