Table 7.
Standardized parameter estimates for models predicting growth in English vocabulary from various aspects of the home language and literacy environment
| Intercept | Linear | Quadratic | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | |||
| Intercept | −.31*** | ||
| Age | .25*** | .09 | −.12 |
| Spanish Vocabulary | −.71*** | .12 | .00 |
| Maternal Education | .14*** | .02 | .00 |
| Family Income | .09* | .07 | −.08 |
| Model 2 | |||
| Intercept | −.31*** | ||
| Age | .25*** | .09 | −.12 |
| Spanish Vocabulary | −.71*** | .12 | .00 |
| Maternal Education | .14*** | .02 | −.01 |
| Family Income | .08* | .07 | −.08 |
| Time Spent Watching TV Daily | .04 | .03 | −.01 |
| % Spanish Spoken in Home | −.04 | .03 | −.03 |
| Frequency of Conversations with Child | .01 | −.06 | .08 |
| Model 3 | |||
| Intercept | −.30*** | ||
| Age | .26*** | .10 | −.13 |
| Spanish Vocabulary | −.68*** | .18+ | −.05 |
| Maternal Education | .11** | −.05 | .08 |
| Family Income | .06 | .05 | −.05 |
| Number of Picture Books in Home | .08* | .13+ | −.15+ |
| Number of Alphabet Books in Home | −.01 | .05 | −.06 |
| Frequency of Reading to Child | .07* | −.11 | .10 |
| Language Read to Child | −.06+ | −.11 | .12 |
| Child’s Enjoyment of Reading | .01 | .07 | −.09 |
| Frequency of Engaging Child in Story | .01 | −.03 | .04 |
| Model 4 | |||
| Intercept | −.30*** | ||
| Age | .25*** | .09 | −.13 |
| Spanish Vocabulary | −.71*** | .13 | −.01 |
| Maternal Education | .13*** | .03 | −.03 |
| Family Income | .09* | .08 | −.10 |
| Parent Reads for Fun or Pleasure | .06* | .04 | −.07 |
| Parent English Reading Skills | .02 | −.03 | .06 |
| Parent Spanish Reading Skills | −.04 | −.07 | .10 |
| Importance of Preparing Child for Preschool | −.01 | −.05 | .09 |
Note.
***
p < .001.
**
p < .01.
*
p < .05.
+
p < .10.