Figure 1.

High expression of heparanase in gastric tissue. (A) Human gastric tissue biopsies were collected during gastroscopy examination. Normal gastric tissue (gastric antrum), H. pylori-infected chronic gastritis tissue, and intestinal metaplasia tissue were included. Left panels: Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Right panels: Immunofluorescent staining. Shown are representative images of immunofluorescent staining applying anti-heparanase antibody (red), and nuclear counterstaining (DAPI, blue). (B) H. pylori strain PMSS1 was used to infect wild type C57BL/6 mice via oral gavage, once every 2 days, 5 × 10⁹ CFU each time, for three consecutive times. Eight weeks later, antral gastric mucosa was collected and 5-micron sections were subjected to H&E (upper panels) and Warthin–Starry silver (lower panels) staining, which indicates successful infection of H. pylori. Black and blue arrow indicate the colonized helicobacter pylori. (C) Immunofluorescent staining of normal mouse gastric tissue and mouse H. pylori-infected chronic gastritis tissue. Left panels: Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Right panels: immunofluorescent staining. Shown are representative images of staining for heparanase (red), and nuclear counterstaining (DAPI, blue). (D) Immunostaining of WT (un-infected) mouse gastric tissue (left panel) and H. pylori-infected chronic gastritis tissue (right panel).