Table 5. Results of pairwise tests of differences between countries (Germany, Spain, and Sweden) for verbal fluency and delayed recall by age groups.

Verbal fluency
2013
	Germany vs. Spain						Germany vs. Sweden						Spain vs. Sweden
	Germany		Spain				Germany		Sweden				Spain		Sweden
Age	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p
50–54	24.35	6.80	19.82	5.56	10.88	<.05*	24.35	6.80	25.50	7.38	-2.34	.019*	19.82	5.56	25.50	7.38	10.12	<.05*
55–59	23.98	6.53	19.20	7.89	11.24	<.05*	23.98	6.53	25.70	6.15	-4.14	<.05*	19.20	7.89	25.70	6.15	12.85	<.05*
60–64	22.74	7.06	18.71	8.02	8.74	<.05*	22.74	7.06	24.74	6.77	-4.59	<.05*	18.71	8.02	24.74	6.77	11.78	<.05*
65–69	21.87	6.65	17.11	6.31	11.66	<.05*	21.87	6.65	23.35	6.46	-2.92	.004*	17.11	6.31	23.35	6.46	14.51	<.05*
70–74	21.53	6.37	16.71	6.01	10.32	<.05*	21.53	6.37	22.46	6.24	-2.03	.038*	16.71	6.01	22.46	6.24	11.58	<.05*
75–79	19.36	6.06	14.66	6.03	9.24	<.05*	19.36	6.06	19.87	6.12	-0.95	.355	14.66	6.03	19.87	6.12	9.15	<.05*
80–84	18.20	6.26	13.71	5.50	7.21	<.05*	18.20	6.26	17.93	5.48	0.40	.684	13.71	5.50	17.93	5.48	6.83	<.05*
85–89	15.64	5.15	12.37	6.34	3.75	.001*	15.64	5.15	17.54	5.61	-2.07	.034*	12.37	6.34	17.54	5.61	5.03	<.05*
90–99	13.95	4.60	11.44	4.19	1.67	.125	13.95	4.60	16.92	4.23	-1.80	.063	11.44	4.19	16.92	4.23	3.41	<.01*
Delayed recall
2004
	Germany vs. Spain						Germany vs. Sweden						Spain vs. Sweden
	Germany		Spain				Germany		Sweden				Spain		Sweden
Age	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p
50–54	4.49	1.84	3.26	1.94	8.21	<.05*	4.49	1.84	4.86	1.66	-2.86	.889	3.26	1.94	4.86	1.66	11.97	<.05*
55–59	4.08	1.84	3.00	1.78	6.97	<.05*	4.08	1.84	4.51	1.75	-3.17	.687	3.00	1.78	4.51	1.75	11.96	<.05*
60–64	3.67	1.72	2.57	1.57	9.63	<.05*	3.67	1.72	4.41	1.69	-4.55	.027*	2.57	1.57	4.41	1.69	14.65	<.05*
65–69	3.48	1.69	2.32	1.57	9.89	<.05*	3.48	1.69	4.18	1.69	-4.32	.189	2.32	1.57	4.18	1.69	14.30	<.05*
70–74	3.20	1.81	1.96	1.51	8.08	<.05*	3.20	1.81	3.56	1.85	-2.20	.450	1.96	1.51	3.56	1.85	10.93	<.05*
75–79	3.06	1.75	1.60	1.41	8.67	<.05*	3.06	1.75	3.12	1.88	-0.34	.012*	1.60	1.41	3.12	1.88	8.93	<.05*
80–84	2.51	1.49	2.66	1.79	4.04	<.05*	2.51	1.49	2.66	1.79	-0.66	.119	2.66	1.79	2.66	1.79	4.44	<.05*
85–89	2.48	1.41	1.91	1.84	3.09	.010*	2.48	1.41	1.91	0.25	1.35	.412	1.91	1.84	1.91	0.25	1.77	.05
90–99	1.36	1.51	1.57	1.65	-0.24	.823	1.36	1.51	1.57	1.65	-0.28	.267	1.57	1.65	1.57	1.65	0.02	.98
Delayed recall
2013
	Germany vs. Spain						Germany vs. Sweden						Spain vs. Sweden
	Germany		Spain				Germany		Sweden				Spain		Sweden
Age	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p	M	Sd	M	Sd	t	p
50–54	5.23	2.05	3.92	1.82	10.84	<.05*	5.23	2.05	5.25	1.84	-0.13	.005*	3.92	1.82	5.25	1.84	9.08	<.05*
55–59	4.88	1.94	3.55	1.82	11.80	<.05*	4.88	1.94	4.93	1.92	-0.41	.002*	3.55	1.82	4.93	1.92	10.51	<.05*
60–64	4.29	1.93	3.54	1.84	6.37	<.05*	4.29	1.93	4.54	1.86	-2.13	<.05*	3.54	1.84	4.54	1.86	7.83	<.05*
65–69	3.90	2.12	3.28	1.74	6.26	<.05*	3.90	2.12	4.27	1.89	-1.35	<.05	3.28	1.74	4.27	1.89	8.05	<.05*
70–74	3.68	2.01	2.90	1.73	5.44	<.05*	3.68	2.01	3.79	1.95	-0.76	.028*	2.90	1.73	3.79	1.95	5.92	<.05*
75–79	3.22	1.93	2.38	1.62	5.64	<.05*	3.22	1.93	3.68	1.88	-2.57	.739	2.38	1.62	3.68	1.88	7.84	<.05*
80–84	2.58	1.95	2.91	1.88	3.41	.001*	2.58	1.95	2.91	1.88	-1.53	.497	2.91	1.88	2.91	1.88	4.99	<.05*
85–89	2.05	1.83	2.30	1.89	2.45	.014*	2.05	1.83	2.30	1.89	-0.80	.155	2.30	1.89	2.30	1.89	3.17	<.01*
90–99	1.74	1.70	2.58	2.35	-0.14	.895	1.74	1.70	2.58	2.35	-1.17	.784	2.58	2.35	2.58	2.35	1.04	.32