Table 3.
Approved laboratory tests for trypanosomiasis according to OIE (70).
| Test criteria | Objective | Methods | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical signs | Categorize presentation | Observations | (32, 53, 71) |
| Microscopy | Direct examination | Wet blood films | (72) |
| Thick blood films | (60, 61) | ||
| Thin blood smear films | (72) | ||
| Parasitic concentration | Microhematocrit centrifugation technique | (61) | |
| Dark ground or phase-contrast buffy coat technique | (62) | ||
| Anion exchange technique | (73–75) | ||
| Cultivation technique | Animal inoculation | (76–78) | |
| Molecular detection | Antigen assays | Trypanosome antigen detection assays | (79) |
| Trypanosome DNA | Monospecific PCR | (80) | |
| Multi-specific PCR | (81, 82) | ||
| LOOP | (68) | ||
| LFA | (69, 83) | ||
| Serology | Antibodies | Indirect immunofluorescence test | (84) |
| IgG antibody ELISA | (85) | ||
| IgG antibody detection | (86, 87) |