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. 2021 Jun 17;11:676451. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.676451

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Animal origins of human coronaviruses. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 originated from bats; HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 usually lead to mild infections in immune people. The origins of these viruses have recently been found in African bats, and camelids may be intermediate hosts of HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, and HKU1, all of which are also harmless in humans and probably originated from rodents.