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. 2021 Jun 17;11:676451. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.676451

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Copyright © 2021 Ning, Yu, Wang and Wang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The comparison of the structural proteins of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. (A) Coronavirus virion structure. Coronaviruses, forming enveloped and spherical particles, are with a diameter of 100–160 nm. The positive-sense, single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome is 27–32 kb in size. RNP, ribonucleoproteins; S, spike; E, small membrane envelope; M, membrane are transmembrane proteins. (B) The schematic diagram for the components of the SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. A polyprotein, pp1ab, which is encoded at two-thirds of the 5’-terminal of the genome, is further cleaved into 16 non-structural proteins. These proteins are involved in transcription and replication. The structural proteins, envelope glycoproteins spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N), are encoded at the 3’ terminus.