Table 1.
Cases with MOG-AD mimicking typical MS.
| No | Sex | Onset, y | Initial syndrome | Spinal MRI | Cerebral MRI lesions | Intrathecal OCBs | MS criteria (last F/U) | Other autoimmune conditions | Past DMTs with unsatisfied response | Drugs with a favorable response |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Spadaro et al. (2) | F | 9 | Brainstem | Short-segment myelitis | Periventricular, cortical/juxtacortical, and pontomedullary | Yes | Yes | Uveitis | IFN, GLAT, IVIg | PLEX |
| 2. Spadaro et al. (2) | F | 18 | Myelitis | LETM, conus medullaris involvement | Periventricular, cortical/juxtacortical, pontomedullary lesions and cerebellar | Yes | Yes | None | GLAT, FTY, NAT | RTX |
| 3. Spadaro et al. (2) | F | 47 | Myelitis | LETM | Periventricular, cortical/juxtacortical, pontomedullary esions, and cerebellar | Yes | Yes | Hashimoto, uveitis | GLAT, FTY, IFN, DMF | NAT, PLEX |
| 4. Spadaro et al. (2) | M | 37 | Myelitis | Short-segment myelitis | Periventricular, cortical/juxtacortical, and cerebellar | Yes | Yes | Graves disease | IFN, GLAT | None |
| 5. Spadaro et al. (2) | M | 22 | Myelitis | Short-segment myelitis | Periventricular, cortical/juxtacortical, and pontomedullary | Yes | Yes | None | IFN | NAT, RTX, PLEX |
| 6. Breza et al. (3) | M | 31 | Myelitis | Short-segment myelitis, conus medullaris involvement | Periventricular | Yes | Yes | None | None | None |
| 7. Dolbec et al. (4) | F | 26 | Myelitis | Short-segment myelitis | Periventricular, and cortical/juxtacortical | Yes | Yes | None | IFN | RTX |
| 8 (index) | F | 25 | Myelitis | Short-segment myelitis, conus medullaris involvement | Periventricular, cortical/juxtacortical, and pontomedullary | Yes | Yes | No | AZA | RTX |
AZA, azathioprine; DMT, disease modifying therapy; F, female; F/U, follow-up; FTY, fingolimod; GLAT, glatiramer acetate; IFN, interferon; IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin; LETM, longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis; M, male; MOG-AD, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MS, multiple sclerosis; NAT, natalizumab; OCB, oligoclonal band; PLEX, plasma exchange; RTX, rituximab.