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Mechanisms of non-canonical inflammasome assembly and activation. Intracellular LPS forms a complex with pro-caspase-11 (mouse) or pro-caspases-4 and -5 (human), which become activated through oligomerization. Activated caspase-4/5/11 induces pyroptosis by cleaving intact GSDMD to generate the N-terminal fragment which forms a pore on membrane. The active mCaspase-11/hCaspase-4 is also involved in the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome when PAMP/DAMP signals are present
