Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study cohort.
| Patient characteristic | London N=20,510 (events=1378) Mean (±SD) or Median(IQR) or n (%) |
Wales N=13,346 (events=656) Mean (±SD) or Median(IQR) or n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Age at baseline (Mean- years) | 53.1 (12.7) | 57.4(12.4) |
| Age at diagnosis of T2D (Mean-years) | 49.7(12.2) | 56.1(12.4) |
|
Gender Male |
11,388 (55.5%) | 8,591(64.0%) |
|
Ethnicity Black Other |
3,820(18.6%) 16,690(81.4%) |
171 (1.3%) 13,175(98.7%) |
|
Systolic Blood Pressure (Mean SD– mm Hg) |
131.5 (16.8) | 136.7 (17.2) |
| Hypertension (antihypertensive use or SBP>130) | 14,425 (70.3%) | 10,778 (80.8%) |
|
BMI‡ (Mean SD– kg/m2) |
30.0 (6.1) | 33.4 (7.1) |
|
Duration of diabetes Median IQR - years |
0.0(0.0–5.6) | 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
|
Duration of diabetes (categorical), years ≥ 0 and<2.5 ≥ 2.5 and <5 ≥5 and <10 ≥10 |
13,249 (64.6%) 1,733 (8.5%) 2,943 (14.4%) 2,585 (12.6%) |
11,563(87%) 219 (1.6%) 799 (6.0%) 765 (5.7%) |
|
Cardiovascular morbidity ¥ Yes |
2,059 (10.0%) | 2,281 (17.0%) |
| STDR | 267 (1.3%) | 198 (1.5%) |
|
On insulin Yes |
1,441 (7.0% overall or 16.5% in prevalent diabetes cases) | 242 (1.8% overall or 12.9% in prevalent diabetes cases) |
|
On anti-HT agents ± Yes |
10,542 (51.4%) | 7,721 (58.0%) |
|
HbA1c (Median IQR- mmol/mol) |
58.5 (50.8–76.0) | 56.0 (49.0, 76.0) |
|
HDL-cholesterol (Median IQR – mmol/L) |
1.1 (1.0–1.3) | 1.10 (0.90, 1.30) |
|
ACR Median IQR – mg/mmol |
1.0 (0.5–2.8) | 0.90 (0.50, 2.10) |
|
eGFR (Median IQR- ml/min/1.73m2) |
87.0 (76.0–90.0) | 85.8 (76.0, 97.8) |
T2D type-2 diabetes; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; Anti-HT anti-hypertensive; CVD cardiovascular disease; HbA1c haemoglobin A1c; STDR sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy; BMI Body Mass Index; HDL High-density Lipoprotein; ACR Albumin: Creatinine ratio; IQR Interquartile range.
¥CVD includes Myocardial Infarction (MI), stroke, Atrial Fibrillation (AF), Heart failure (HF), Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD).
± Anti-hypertensive agents include Angiotensin receptor blocker/Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ARB /ACE) drugs.
‡74 missing BMI in SAIL cohort.