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. 2021 Jul 1;11:13690. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93086-y

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Productivity of inflammatory cytokines from hepatic macrophages in response to LPS stimulation is significantly suppressed in ALDH2*2 transgenic (TG) mice chronically fed ethanol. (A) Study design. WT mice (n = 4) or ALDH2*2 TG mice (n = 4) received a control liquid diet for 5 days and 5% ethanol liquid diet for 6 weeks. (B) Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. (C) Representative surface CD11b and intracellular TNF-α staining of liver mononuclear cells derived from the indicated mice either unstimulated (upper) or stimulated with LPS for 4 h (lower). (D) Frequency of hepatic TNF-α producing CD11b⁺ macrophages from the indicated mice either unstimulated (upper) or stimulated with LPS for 4 h (lower). Data represent the mean ± SD. *p value < 0.05 by Student’s paired t-test. N.S.: not significant. Data are representative of two independent experiments.