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. 2021 Jul 1;11:13658. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92816-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Two fixed effect plots of ecological predictors on sleep duration quotas: nighttime sleep duration (TST) (left) and 24-h total sleep time (TTST) (right). Reference variables are set as village for location, and women for gender for all models. Both plots illustrate positive (indicated in blue) and negative (indicated in red) predictors of TST and TTST. The plotted lines indicate 95% confidence intervals of each predictor variable. For TST, only the location * gender interaction was a significant predictor variable. The location * gender interaction was also a negative predictor of TTST, while rainfall was a positive predictor. Values written above each plotted line are standard estimates of each predictor. Continuous predictors were scaled for comparability of the coefficients in the models.