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. 2021 Jul 1;11:13694. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-93014-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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GBP significantly reversed the effects of EA on cocaine-induced relapse behavior. (A) Timeline of CPP testing, training, cocaine administration, and experimental interventions. (B) CPP scores for the CO group, CO + EA group, CO + GBP group and CO + EA + GBP group, obtained during PRE, POST, EXT, and REIN testing. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 versus the PRE phases; ^&p < 0.05 versus the REIN phases; ^#p < 0.05; ^##p < 0.01 versus the CO + EA group in REIN phases (two-way ANOVA with the LSD post-hoc test). All data are expressed as the means ± S.E.M. (n = 7–8 mice per group). Abbreviations: CPP = Cocaine-induced conditioned place preference; PRE = Preconditioning testing; POST = Post-conditioning testing; EXT = Extinction of cocaine CPP testing; REIN = Cocaine-primed reinstatement testing; CO = No intervention; CO + EA = EA treatment; CO + GBP = i.p. GBP (1 mg/kg) injection; CO + EA + GBP = EA treatment followed by i.p. GBP (1 mg/kg) injection.