Table 1.
Demographic and neonatal baseline characteristics of infants randomized to music therapy (CMT) or standard care (control group).
| Music (n = 37) | Control (n = 45) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age at birth (weeks), (mean ± SD) | 28.1 ± 1.8 | 27.8 ± 2.3 | 0.50 |
| Birth weight (grams), (mean ± SD) | 1060 ± 287 | 1063 ± 358 | 0.97 |
| Z-score | −0.14 ± 0.73 | −0.03 ± 0.86 | 0.25 |
| Head circumference at birth (cm), mean ± SD | 25.8 ± 2.0 | 25.3 ± 2.6 | 0.4 |
| Z-score | −0.26 ± 0.60 | −0.35 ± 0.69 | 0.99 |
| Mechanical ventilation (days), mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 4.4 | 3.1 ± 4.0 | 0.65 |
| Oxygen supplementation (days), mean ± SD | 42.0 ± 33.8 | 35.9 ± 29.5 | 0.38 |
| Parental socio-economic score (range: 2–12), mean ± SD | 5.3 ± 2.4 | 5.5 ± 2.6 | 0.69 |
| Sex (female), n (%) | 13 (35) | 21 (47) | 0.29 |
| Small for gestational age (i.e., birth weight <10 percentile), n (%) | 3 (8.1) | 3 (6.7) | 1.00 |
| Retinopathy of pre-maturity, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (6.7) | 0.25 |
| Sepsis, n (%) | 6 (16) | 4 (9) | 0.34 |
| Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, n (%) | 7 (8) | 8 (9) | 0.89 |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage, n (%) | 4 (5) | 7 (8) | 0.75 |
| Duration of hospitalization (days), mean ± SD | 59.1 ± 27.9 | 57.4 ± 31.4* | 0.80 |
SD, standard deviation;
*
n = 44.