TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population in relation to different outcomes of RFCA.
| All (n = 71) | Successful RFCA (n = 54) | Failed RFCA (n = 6) | None RFCA (n = 11) | P-value‡ | P-value§ | |
| Age (years) | 43.9 ± 14.9 | 43.5 ± 14.6 | 41.8 ± 17.0 | 46.8 ± 16.4 | 0.757 | 0.790 |
| Female | 40 (56.3) | 29 (53.7) | 4 (66.7) | 7 (63.6) | 0.719 | 0.545 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.0 ± 3.9 | 22.2 ± 4.2 | 21.4 ± 32.7 | 21.2 ± 3.1 | 0.718 | 0.624 |
| Diabetes | 2 (2.8) | 2 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.573 | 0.632 |
| Hypertension | 7 (9.9) | 7 (13.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.131 | 0.348 |
| Dyslipidemia | 4 (5.6) | 3 (4.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (9.1) | 0.635 | 0.554 |
| WHO functional class III-IV | 43 (60.6) | 32 (56.6) | 4 (66.7) | 7 (63.6) | 0.842 | 0.759 |
| PAPs∗ (mmHg) | 80.4 ± 25.7 | 78.0 ± 25.2 | 82.2 ± 26.3 | 92.1 ± 27.4 | 0.282 | 0.704 |
| PAPs† (mmHg) | 84.3 ± 25.9 | 80.5 ± 26.5 | 93.3 ± 20.6 | 96.3 ± 22.7 | 0.219 | 0.420 |
| PAPm† (mmHg) | 55.7 ± 16.9 | 53.5 ± 17.1 | 65.7 ± 12.0 | 61.2 ± 16.5 | 0.277 | 0.237 |
| 6MWD (m) | 340 ± 94 | 354 ± 89 | 314 ± 120 | 279 ± 88 | 0.120 | 0.370 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 1,925 (880, 2,634) | 1,996 (887, 2,793) | 1,736 (932, 2,500) | 1,706 (796, 2,245) | 0.708 | 0.979 |
| Total bilirubin (U/L) | 30.9 ± 24.1 | 29.7 ± 21.8 | 39.1 ± 25.7 | 31.7 ± 33.8 | 0.668 | 0.332 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 415.0 ± 155.2 | 419.1 ± 152.4 | 466.7 ± 142.5 | 367.8 ± 175.8 | 0.430 | 0.470 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 41.1 ± 11.4 | 40.2 ± 9.0 | 46.0 ± 15.9 | 42.7 ± 17.7 | 0.445 | 0.185 |
| RVD (mm) | 38.3 ± 11.0 | 39.0 ± 10.6 | 41.7 ± 13.2 | 33.1 ± 38.3 | 0.202 | 0.542 |
| LVEF (%) | 60.8 ± 9.6 | 61.6 ± 9.4 | 58.2 ± 7.5 | 58.9 ± 11.6 | 0.552 | 0.403 |
| PAD (mm) | 32.5 ± 6.1 | 31.9 ± 5.2 | 38.7 ± 8.9 | 32.5 ± 7.4 | 0.032 | 0.006 |
| RA dilatation | 58 (81.7) | 46 (85.2) | 4 (66.7) | 8 (72.7) | 0.413 | 0.248 |
| PH-targeted therapy | 52 (73.2) | 41 (75.9) | 4 (66.7) | 7 (63.6) | 0.654 | 0.619 |
| ERA | 36 (50.7) | 27 (50.0) | 4 (66.7) | 5 (45.5) | 0.685 | 0.438 |
| PDE5-i | 43 (60.6) | 35 (64.8) | 2 (33.3) | 6 (54.5) | 0.303 | 0.132 |
| Prostacyclin analogs/receptor agonists | 10 (14.1) | 7 (13.0) | 2 (33.3) | 1 (9.1) | 0.421 | 0.185 |
| β blocker | 14 (19.7) | 8 (14.8) | 2 (33.3) | 4 (36.4) | 0.208 | 0.248 |
| Amiodarone/sotalol | 28 (39.4) | 21 (38.9) | 3 (50) | 4 (36.4) | 0.850 | 0.598 |
| Propafenone | 4 (5.6) | 2 (3.7) | 2 (33.3) | 0 (0) | 0.051 | 0.046 |
Data are presented as n (%), mean (SD), or median (IQR). *Measured by echocardiography. †Measured by right heart catheterization. ‡p-value for overall comparisons. §p-value for successful RFCA vs. failed RFCA. RFCA, radiofrequency catheter ablation; BMI, body mass index; WHO, World Health Organization; PAPs, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; PAPm, mean pulmonary artery pressure; 6MWD, 6 min walk distance; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide; LVEDD, left ventricular and diastolic diameter; RVD, right ventricular diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PAD, pulmonary artery diameter; RA, right atrium; PH, pulmonary hypertension; ERA, endothelin receptor antagonists; PDE5-I, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors.