TABLE 2.
Univariable analysis of risk factors for COVID‐19 positivity stratified by age group
| 66–74 y (n = 6182) | 75–79 y (n = 4867) | 80–86 y (n = 1814) | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | COVID‐19 postive | Negative | OR [95% CI] | P‐value a | COVID‐19 postive | Negative | OR [95% CI] | P‐value a | COVID‐19 postive | Negative | OR [95% CI] | P‐value a | |
| Sex | Female | 217 (43.23) | 2925 (51.5) | 189 (39.87) | 2100 (47.8) | 78 (40.84) | 762 (46.95) | ||||||
| Male | 285 (56.77) | 2755 (48.5) | 1.394 [1.161–1.678] | <.001 | 285 (60.13) | 2293 (52.2) | 1.381 [1.139–1.677] | .001 | 113 (59.16) | 861 (53.05) | 1.282 [0.947–1.743] | .110 | |
| Ethnicity | White | 427 (85.06) | 5382 (94.75) | 446 (94.09) | 4223 (96.13) | 186 (97.38) | 1571 (96.8) | ||||||
| African | 26 (5.18) | 68 (1.2) | 4.819 [2.985–7.558] | <.001 | 13 (2.74) | 55 (1.25) | 2.238 [1.163–3.999] | .010 | 3 (1.57) | 19 (1.17) | 1.334 [0.311–3.96] | .646 | |
| Asian | 29 (5.78) | 134 (2.36) | 2.728 [1.772–4.063] | <.001 | 8 (1.69) | 63 (1.43) | 1.202 [0.529–2.379] | .626 | 0 (0) | 21 (1.29) | 0 [0–5.05e+06] | .978 | |
| Others | 20 (3.98) | 96 (1.69) | 2.626 [1.563–4.201] | <.001 | 7 (1.48) | 52 (1.18) | 1.275 [0.525–2.64] | .550 | 2 (1.05) | 12 (0.74) | 1.408 [0.218–5.214] | .656 | |
| Blood Type | A | 226 (47.88) | 2436 (44.2) | 186 (40.61) | 1879 (44.1) | 85 (45.95) | 671 (43.23) | ||||||
| AB | 14 (2.97) | 182 (3.3) | 0.829 [0.453–1.401] | .512 | 20 (4.37) | 162 (3.8) | 1.247 [0.744–1.987] | .375 | 5 (2.7) | 55 (3.54) | 0.718 [0.245–1.681] | .490 | |
| B | 44 (9.32) | 531 (9.64) | 0.893 [0.631–1.238] | .510 | 43 (9.39) | 399 (9.36) | 1.089 [0.76–1.529] | .633 | 26 (14.05) | 148 (9.54) | 1.387 [0.85–2.2] | .176 | |
| O | 188 (39.83) | 2362 (42.86) | 0.858 [0.701–1.049] | .136 | 209 (45.63) | 1821 (42.74) | 1.159 [0.942–1.428] | .163 | 69 (37.3) | 678 (43.69) | 0.803 [0.573–1.122] | .200 | |
| BMI | 29.25 (5.51) | 28.32 (5.22) | 1.032 [1.015–1.049] | <.001 | 29.12 (5.19) | 28.28 (4.92) | 1.033 [1.014–1.052] | <.001 | 28.2 (4.55) | 28.11 (4.57) | 1.004 [0.971–1.037] | .793 | |
| Diabetes | No | 441 (87.85) | 5171 (91.04) | 406 (85.65) | 3924 (89.32) | 163 (85.34) | 1423 (87.68) | ||||||
| Yes | 61 (12.15) | 509 (8.96) | 1.405 [1.05–1.851] | .018 | 68 (14.35) | 469 (10.68) | 1.401 [1.058–1.832] | .016 | 28 (14.66) | 200 (12.32) | 1.222 [0.783–1.846] | .357 | |
| Heart attack | No | 477 (95.02) | 5469 (96.29) | 444 (93.67) | 4143 (94.31) | 175 (91.62) | 1494 (92.05) | ||||||
| Yes | 25 (4.98) | 211 (3.71) | 1.358 [0.868–2.037] | .158 | 30 (6.33) | 250 (5.69) | 1.12 [0.743–1.629] | .571 | 16 (8.38) | 129 (7.95) | 1.059 [0.594–1.77] | .836 | |
| Angina | No | 466 (92.83) | 5369 (94.52) | 425 (89.66) | 4012 (91.33) | 168 (87.96) | 1438 (88.6) | ||||||
| Yes | 36 (7.17) | 311 (5.48) | 1.334 [0.918–1.882] | .115 | 49 (10.34) | 381 (8.67) | 1.214 [0.878–1.646] | .226 | 23 (12.04) | 185 (11.4) | 1.064 [0.655–1.657] | .792 | |
| Stroke | No | 485 (96.61) | 5531 (97.38) | 452 (95.36) | 4250 (96.74) | 180 (94.24) | 1540 (94.89) | ||||||
| Yes | 17 (3.39) | 149 (2.62) | 1.301 [0.754–2.105] | .312 | 22 (4.64) | 143 (3.26) | 1.447 [0.891–2.241] | .115 | 11 (5.76) | 83 (5.11) | 1.134 [0.562–2.078] | .704 | |
| High blood pressure | No | 294 (58.57) | 3666 (64.54) | 247 (52.11) | 2481 (56.48) | 92 (48.17) | 856 (52.74) | ||||||
| Yes | 208 (41.43) | 2014 (35.46) | 1.288 [1.069–1.55] | .008 | 227 (47.89) | 1912 (43.52) | 1.193 [0.986–1.442] | .069 | 99 (51.83) | 767 (47.26) | 1.201 [0.89–1.623] | .232 | |
| Cancer event | No | 395 (78.69) | 4434 (78.06) | 368 (77.64) | 3118 (70.98) | 145 (75.92) | 1120 (69.01) | ||||||
| Yes | 107 (21.31) | 1246 (21.94) | 0.964 [0.768–1.2] | .747 | 106 (22.36) | 1275 (29.02) | 0.704 [0.56–0.879] | .002 | 46 (24.08) | 503 (30.99) | 0.706 [0.494–0.993] | .050 | |
| Pulmonary embolism | No | 499 (99.4) | 5588 (98.38) | 466 (98.31) | 4313 (98.18) | 184 (96.34) | 1586 (97.72) | ||||||
| Yes | 3 (0.6) | 92 (1.62) | 0.365 [0.089–0.976] | .087 | 8 (1.69) | 80 (1.82) | 0.926 [0.41–1.811] | .836 | 7 (3.66) | 37 (2.28) | 1.631 [0.658–3.494] | .244 | |
| Asthma | No | 493 (98.21) | 5472 (96.34) | 468 (98.73) | 4288 (97.61) | 191 (100) | 1592 (98.09) | ||||||
| Yes | 9 (1.79) | 208 (3.66) | 0.48 [0.227–0.887] | .033 | 6 (1.27) | 105 (2.39) | 0.524 [0.204–1.1] | .126 | 0 (0) | 31 (1.91) | 0 [0–838.588] | .973 | |
| COPD | No | 499 (99.4) | 5633 (99.17) | 470 (99.16) | 4352 (99.07) | 191 (100) | 1617 (99.63) | ||||||
| Yes | 3 (0.6) | 47 (0.83) | 0.721 [0.175–1.974] | .583 | 4 (0.84) | 41 (0.93) | 0.903 [0.271–2.249] | .847 | 0 (0) | 6 (0.37) | 0 [0–4.09e+09] | .972 | |
| All–cause dementia | No | 489 (97.41) | 5630 (99.12) | 443 (93.46) | 4318 (98.29) | 167 (87.43) | 1584 (97.6) | ||||||
| Yes | 13 (2.59) | 50 (0.88) | 2.993 [1.55–5.381] | <.001 | 31 (6.54) | 75 (1.71) | 4.029 [2.587–6.131] | <.001 | 24 (12.57) | 39 (2.4) | 5.837 [3.386–9.88] | <.001 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | No | 496 (98.8) | 5662 (99.68) | 457 (96.41) | 4362 (99.29) | 180 (94.24) | 1608 (99.08) | ||||||
| Yes | 6 (1.2) | 18 (0.32) | 3.805 [1.374–9.121] | .005 | 17 (3.59) | 31 (0.71) | 5.234 [2.815–9.413] | <.001 | 11 (5.76) | 15 (0.92) | 6.551 [2.892–14.398] | <.001 | |
| Parkinson's disease | No | 492 (98.01) | 5626 (99.05) | 455 (95.99) | 4328 (98.52) | 185 (96.86) | 1595 (98.27) | ||||||
| Yes | 10 (1.99) | 54 (0.95) | 2.118 [1.01–4.002] | .031 | 19 (4.01) | 65 (1.48) | 2.78 [1.61–4.584] | <.001 | 6 (3.14) | 28 (1.73) | 1.847 [0.684–4.228] | .179 | |
a
Bold P‐values are significant. Table shows absolute numbers of individuals (% in brackets).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; OR, odds ratio.