TABLE 2.
Symptomatic features of 932 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) at admission
| Total (N = 932) | Non‐severe disease (n = 880) | Severe disease (n = 52) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fever, n (%) | 559 (60.0) | 518 (58.9) | 41 (78.8) | 0.0043 |
| Type of fever, n/N (%) | 0.3179 | |||
| Persistent | 491/559 (87.8) | 457/518 (88.2) | 34/41 (82.9) | |
| Intermittent | 68/559 (12.2) | 61/518 (11.8) | 7/41 (17.1) | |
| Maximum body temperature (°C), n/N (%) | 0.0002 | |||
| 37.3‐38 | 241/559 (43.1) | 234/518 (45.2) | 7/41 (17.1) | |
| 38.1‐39 | 252/559 (45.1) | 229/518 (44.2) | 23/41 (56.1) | |
| >39 | 66/559 (11.8) | 55/518 (10.6) | 11/41 (26.8) | |
| Cough, n (%) | 473 (50.8) | 440 (50.0) | 33 (63.5) | 0.0592 |
| Type of cough, n/N (%) | 0.4472 | |||
| Dry cough | 369/473 (78.0) | 345/440 (78.4) | 24/33 (72.7) | |
| Production of sputum | 104/473 (22.0) | 95/440 (21.6) | 9/33 (27.3) | |
| Type of sputum, n/N (%) | 0.1253 | |||
| White | 72/104 (69.2) | 68/95 (71.6) | 4/9 (44.4) | |
| Yellowish sputum | 29/104 (27.9) | 25/95 (26.3) | 4/9 (44.4) | |
| Other | 3/104 (2.9) | 2/95 (2.1) | 1/9 (11.1) | |
| Dyspnea, n (%) | 179 (19.2) | 148 (16.8) | 31 (59.6) | <0.0001 |
| mMRC level at the time of dyspnea onset, n/N (%) | 0.0003 | |||
| 0 | 29/179 (16.2) | 29/148 (19.6) | 0/31 (0) | |
| 1 | 65/179 (36.3) | 58/148 (39.2) | 7/31 (22.6) | |
| 2 | 39/179 (21.8) | 28/148 (18.9) | 11/31 (35.5) | |
| 3 | 28/179 (15.6) | 17/148 (11.5) | 11/31 (35.5) | |
| 4 | 18/179 (10.1) | 16/148 (10.8) | 2/31 (6.5) | |
| mMRC level at the time of the most severe dyspnea, n/N (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| 0 | 7/179 (3.9) | 7/148 (4.7) | 0/31 (0) | |
| 1 | 25/179 (14.0) | 25/148 (16.9) | 0/31 (0) | |
| 2 | 34/179 (19.0) | 31/148 (21.0) | 3/31 (9.7) | |
| 3 | 54/179 (30.2) | 48/148 (32.4) | 6/31 (19.3) | |
| 4 | 59/179 (33.0) | 37/148 (25.0) | 22/31 (71.0) | |
| mMRC level at the time of dyspnea relief, n/N (%) | <0.0001 | |||
| 0 | 80/179 (44.7) | 78/148 (52.7) | 2/31 (6.5) | |
| 1 | 56/179 (31.3) | 47/148 (31.8) | 9/31 (29.0) | |
| 2 | 34/179 (19.0) | 20/148 (13.5) | 14/31 (45.2) | |
| 3 | 7/179 (3.9) | 3/148 (2.0) | 4/31 (12.9) | |
| 4 | 2/179 (1.1) | 0/148 (0) | 2/31 (6.5) | |
| Fatigue, n (%) | 339 (36.4) | 311 (35.3) | 28 (53.8) | 0.0070 |
| Myalgia or arthralgia, n (%) | 151 (16.2) | 145 (16.5) | 6 (11.5) | 0.3476 |
| Anorexia, n (%) | 203 (21.8) | 178 (20.2) | 25 (48.1) | <0.0001 |
| Dysgeusia, n (%) | 58 (6.2) | 53 (6.0) | 5 (9.6) | 0.2974 |
| Dysosmia, n (%) | 29 (3.1) | 27 (3.1) | 2 (3.8) | 0.7536 |
| Nausea or vomiting, n (%) | 32 (3.4) | 31 (3.5) | 1 (1.9) | 0.0809 |
| Diarrhea, n (%) | 80 (8.6) | 73 (8.3) | 7 (13.5) | 0.2982 |
| Sore throat, n (%) | 67 (7.2) | 66 (7.5) | 1 (1.9) | 0.1303 |
| Rhinorrhea, n (%) | 30 (3.2) | 28 (3.2) | 2 (3.8) | 0.7920 |
| Headache, n (%) | 38 (4.1) | 35 (4.0) | 3 (5.8) | 0.5255 |
| Dizziness, n (%) | 33 (3.5) | 31 (3.5) | 2 (3.8) | 0.9024 |
| Asymptomatic infection, n (%) | 108 (11.6) | 106 (12.0) | 2 (3.8) | 0.0727 |
Note: P values were calculated by using the Mann‐Whitney U‐test, χ 2 test, or Fisherʼs exact test, when appropriate.
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; mMRC, modified British Medical Research Council questionnaire.