Table 2. Analysis of Between-Group Differences for Self-report and Capacity-Based Measures.
| Variable | Estimated marginal mean (SE) | Estimated marginal mean (SE) difference [95% CI] | ES (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy participants | Participants with vestibular loss | |||
| ABCS (mean) | 98.99 (3.52) | 82.47 (3.90) | 16.52 (6.07) [4.05 to 29.00] | 1.47 (0.28 to 2.65) |
| DHI (total) | 0.04 (3.93) | 30.07 (4.36) | −30.03 (6.78) [−43.98 to −16.09] | −2.39 (−3.69 to −1.09) |
| VVAS (mean) | −1.73 (4.64) | 20.26 (5.14) | −21.99 (7.99) [−38.42 to −5.56] | −1.48 (−2.65 to −0.32) |
| DVAT (horizontal) | 1.28 (0.62) | 4.33 (0.69) | −3.05 (1.07) [−5.25 to −0.84] | −1.53 (−2.72 to −0.34) |
| DVAT (vertical) | 0.80 (0.60) | 4.71 (0.66) | −3.91 (1.03) [−6.02 to −1.80] | −2.06 (−3.31 to −0.80) |
| SOT (composite) | 82.82 (3.90) | 65.73 (4.32) | 17.1 (6.72) [3.28 to 30.92] | 1.37 (0.20 to 2.55) |
| FGA (total) | 28.86 (1.05) | 24.14 (1.17) | 4.72 (1.82) [0.98 to 8.45] | 1.40 (0.22 to 2.58) |
| GS (FGA item 1), m/s | 1.43 (0.07) | 1.26 (0.08) | 0.18 (0.13) [−0.08 to 0.44] | 0.76 (−0.37 to 1.89) |
| NC (i2MWT) | 50.55 (1.88) | 45.69 (2.21) | 4.86 (2.85) [−1.01 to 10.72] | 0.63 (−0.15 to 1.42) |
| NT (i2MWT) | 15.66 (0.60) | 13.68 (0.71) | 1.98 (0.91) [0.11 to 3.85] | 0.81 (0.01 to 1.60) |
Abbreviations: ABCS, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale; DHI, Dizziness Handicap Inventory; DVAT, noninstrumented dynamic visual acuity test (lines lost compared with static visual acuity); ES, effect size (Cohen d); FGA, Functional Gait Assessment; GS, gait speed; i2MWT, instrumented 2-minute walk test; NC, number of gait cycles (i2MWT); NT, number of turns (i2MWT); SOT, Sensory Organization Test; VAPM, Vestibular Activities and Participation Measure; VVAS, Visual Vertigo Analog Scale.