Figure 1.
Pathophysiology of endometriosis. The schematic diagram was created using BioRender.com. Akt, protein kinase B; ATG, autophagy‐related genes; DC, dendritic cells; E2, estrogen; ECM, extracellular matrix; ER, estrogen eceptor; ERK extracellular signal‐regulated kinase; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptors; HIF, hypoxia‐inducible factors; MΦ, macrophages; MAPK, mitogen‐activated protein kinase; MEK, ERK kinase; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; NF‐κB, nuclear factor κB; NK, natural killer; PDGF, platelet‐derived growth factor; PDGFR, platelet‐derived growth factor receptor; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3‐kinases; Rho, Ras homolog family; ROCK, Rho‐associated coiled‐coil kinase; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; TGF, transforming growth factor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; Treg, regulatory T cells; Wnt, wingless‐type mouse mammary tumor virus integration site family; YAP, Yes‐associated protein