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. 2021 Mar 12;27(27):7533–7541. doi: 10.1002/chem.202100328

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© 2021 The Authors. Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Probing the stiffness of membrane lipid bilayers by AFM force indentation measurements. (A) A typical indentation force curve obtained from supported POPC/POPG/cholesterol (1:1:1) lipid bilayer on mica. The force applied by the cantilever is plotted as a function of the z‐piezo displacement. The discontinuity in the force curve marks the point of indentation (red arrow). Inset: magnified image shows an indentation force of 2.2 nn. (B) Representative histogram of indentation forces before (black) and after (red) serotonin incubation on a negatively charged (PPC111) bilayer. (C) Average values of force histograms. (D), (E) representative histograms of indentation forces measured on the ordered and disordered domains, respectively on a neutral biphasic (DEC221) bilayer. (F) Average values of force histograms before (black) and after (red) serotonin incubation.