Table 2.
Analysis of association between study variables and multimorbidity (2+ chronic conditions).
| Variable | category | 20–64 years | 65–95 years | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | ||||||
| Adj OR (95%CI) | p value | Adj OR (95%CI) | p value | Adj OR (95%CI) | p value | Adj OR (95%CI) | p value | ||
| Gender | Female | 1.56 (1.47, 1.66) | <0.0001 | 1.54 (1.39, 1.71) | <0.0001 | 1.14 (1.02, 1.28) | 0.0264 | 1.03 (0.87, 1.22) | 0.7131 |
| Male | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Age | 35–49 | 2.05 (1.89, 2.22) | <0.0001 | 2.01 (1.73, 2.34) | <0.0001 | — | — | — | — |
| 50–64 | 5.56 (5.11, 6.04) | <0.0001 | 5.04 (4.37, 5.81) | <0.0001 | — | — | — | — | |
| 20–34 | 1.0 | 1.0 | — | — | — | — | |||
| 75–95 | — | — | — | — | 2.13 (1.89, 2.38) | <0.0001 | 2.22 (1.85, 2.63) | <0.0002 | |
| 65–74 | — | — | — | — | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| Marital status | Single | 1.10 (1.01, 1.19) | 0.0251 | 0.82 (0.70, 0.96) | 0.0157 | 0.87 (0.72, 1.06) | 0.1758 | 0.56 (0.40, 0.79) | 0.0009 |
| Wid/Sep/Div | 1.26 (1.15, 1.38) | <0.0001 | 1.11 (0.96, 1.28) | 0.1768 | 1.02 (0.90, 1.17) | 0.7308 | 1.05 (0.87, 1.26) | 0.6013 | |
| Married/Comm Law | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Income | $0–$19,999 | 1.17 (1.03, 1.33) | 0.0165 | 1.38 (1.10, 1.72) | 0.0049 | 0.94 (0.70, 1.26) | 0.6899 | 0.86 (0.59, 1.24) | 0.4143 |
| $20,000–$39,999 | 1.05 (0.95, 1.16) | 0.3476 | 1.29 (1.08, 1.53) | 0.0041 | 1.12 (0.91, 1.38) | 0.2761 | 0.87 (0.63, 1.20) | 0.3996 | |
| $40,000–$59,999 | 1.02 (0.92, 1.12) | 0.7443 | 1.22 (1.03, 1.46) | 0.0224 | 1.14 (0.93, 1.41) | 0.2041 | 0.75 (0.55, 1.04) | 0.0844 | |
| $60,000–$79,999 | 0.98 (0.90, 1.06) | 0.6027 | 1.06 (0.89, 1.25) | 0.5187 | 1.05 (0.85, 1.30) | 0.6588 | 0.71 (0.51, 0.99) | 0.0447 | |
| $80,000+ | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Incq | 1 (lowest) | 0.88 (0.80, 0.98) | 0.0149 | 0.93 (0.79, 1.10) | 0.3840 | 0.94 (0.79, 1.13) | 0.5355 | 1.15 (0.90, 1.48) | 0.2572 |
| 2 | 0.97 (0.88, 1.06) | 0.4572 | 0.95 (0.81, 1.12) | 0.5512 | 0.84 (0.70, 0.99) | 0.0416 | 1.09 (0.86, 1.39) | 0.4570 | |
| 3 | 0.95 (0.87, 1.04) | 0.2349 | 0.94 (0.79, 1.11) | 0.4532 | 0.98 (0.83, 1.16) | 0.8170 | 1.14 (0.90, 1.45) | 0.2615 | |
| 4 | 0.96 (0.88, 1.05) | 0.3556 | 1.06 (0.89, 1.26) | 0.5053 | 0.96 (0.82, 1.13) | 0.6373 | 1.12 (0.88, 1.42) | 0.3454 | |
| 5 (Highest) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Education | High School Completed | 0.98 (0.90, 1.07) | 0.6543 | 0.84 (0.74, 0.96) | 0.0107 | 1.13 (0.97, 1.31) | 0.1050 | 0.95 (0.77, 1.18) | 0.6385 |
| Less than High School | 1.15 (1.03, 1.29) | 0.0121 | 1.04 (0.90, 1.21) | 0.5938 | 1.20 (1.04, 1.37) | 0.0112 | 0.95 (0.78, 1.16) | 0.6072 | |
| Some Post-Secondary | 1.08 (0.96, 1.22) | 0.2133 | 1.07 (0.86, 1.32) | 0.5656 | 1.14 (0.88, 1.47) | 0.3372 | 1.19 (0.84, 1.67) | 0.3249 | |
| Post-Secondary completed | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Drinker_type | Reg/For Drinker | 1.08 (0.91, 1.28) | 0.3936 | 0.98 (0.66, 1.45) | 0.9131 | 1.23 (0.88, 1.72) | 0.2164 | 1.70 (1.20, 2.42) | 0.0030 |
| Never | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Smoker | Smoker/Former | 1.15 (1.08, 1.22) | <0.0001 | 1.01 (0.91, 1.13) | 0.7934 | 1.17 (1.04, 1.32) | 0.0083 | 0.96 (0.82, 1.14) | 0.6669 |
| Occ/non-smoker | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Phy_activity | Inactive | 0.87 (0.82, 0.93) | <0.0001 | 0.96 (0.86, 1.06) | 0.4104 | 1.14 (1.02, 1.27) | 0.0233 | 1.17 (1.01, 1.37) | 0.0420 |
| Active | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Stress_life | High Stress | 1.36 (1.19, 1.55) | <0.0001 | 1.22 (0.95, 1.57) | 0.1240 | 0.69 (0.42, 1.12) | 0.1355 | 1.23 (0.63, 2.41) | 0.5441 |
| None/Low Stress | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| BMI | Obese | 1.93 (1.78, 2.08) | <0.0001 | 1.94 (1.71, 2.20) | <0.0001 | 1.91 (1.63, 2.24) | <0.0001 | 2.06 (1.63, 2.59) | <0.0001 |
| Over Weight | 1.27 (1.19, 1.36) | <0.0001 | 1.38 (1.22, 1.56) | <0.0001 | 1.18 (1.05, 1.33) | 0.0058 | 1.27 (1.08, 1.50) | 0.0045 | |
| Under Weight | 0.77 (0.62, 0.95) | 0.0156 | 0.97 (0.65, 1.44) | 0.8753 | 0.89 (0.60, 1.31) | 0.5514 | 1.02 (0.63, 1.67) | 0.9267 | |
| BMI_cat | Normal | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| self_perc_hlt | Fair | 5.33 (4.75, 5.98) | <0.0001 | 7.38 (6.07, 8.96) | <0.0001 | 6.24 (4.88, 7.97) | <0.0001 | 7.84 (5.92, 10.37) | <0.0001 |
| Good | 2.62 (2.40, 2.86) | <0.0001 | 3.25 (2.80, 3.76) | <0.0001 | 3.30 (2.84, 3.84) | <0.0001 | 3.30 (2.65, 4.11) | <0.0001 | |
| Poor | 11.36 (9.44, 13.67) | <0.0001 | 11.53 (8.43, 15.76) | <0.0001 | 9.24 (6.04, 14.12) | <0.0001 | 15.51 (8.99, 26.76) | <0.0001 | |
| Very Good | 1.60 (1.47, 1.74) | <0.0001 | 1.85 (1.59, 2.16) | <0.0001 | 1.88 (1.63, 2.16) | <0.0001 | 1.86 (1.51, 2.28) | <0.0001 | |
| Excellent | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
| Survey year | 1.05 (1.03, 1.07) | <0.0001 | 1.08 (1.05, 1.11) | <0.0001 | 1.12 (1.08, 1.16) | <0.0001 | 1.09 (1.03, 1.16) | 0.0016 | |