. 2021 Mar 15;193(3):637–658. doi: 10.1111/bjh.17361

Table I.

Multivariable linear regression models in transfusion‐dependent patients with β‐thal, SCD and SPH.

	Endothelial dysfunction				Oxidative stress				Inflammation
Variable	Parameter	Beta coeff.	SE	P value	Parameter	Beta coeff.	SE	P value	Parameter	Beta coeff.	SE	P value
β‐thal Major
Serum Heme	(Intercept)	12·27	20·22	0·547	(Intercept)	86·72	15·48	<0·001	(Intercept)	77·779	26·28	0·0045
	sVCAM1	0·012	0·01	0·249	MDA	5·33	5·184	0·309	IL‐6	1·0611	0·565	0·066
	sE‐selectin	2·601	0·945	0·009^**	oxLDL	−0·004	0·002	0·104
	Ntyr	−0·432	0·272	0·12
Haemopexin	(Intercept)	254·89	90·61	0·007	(Intercept)	11·31	50·183	0·8227	(Intercept)	189·23	94·23	0·05
	sVCAM1	−0·118	0·047	0·015^*	MDA	−23·697	15·36	0·13	IL‐6	−2·523	1·956	0·203
	sE‐selectin	−11·17	4·233	0·012^*	oxLDL	0·021	0·008	0·013^*
	Ntyr	6·71	1·22	<0·001^***	AOPP	−0·383	0·196	0·057
Serum Iron	(Intercept)	3·23	5·49	0·56	(Intercept)	18·31	3·22	<0·001	(Intercept)	13·71	6·084	0·028
	sVCAM1	0·0066	0·003	0·025^*	MDA	3·429	1·09	0·003^**	VEGF	0·008	0·003	0·002^**
	sE‐selectin	0·399	0·257	0·128	AOPP	0·04	0·014	0·012^*
	Ntyr	−0·171	0·074	0·026^*
Serum Ferritin	(Intercept)	−396·92	1217·83	0·746	(Intercept)	644·8	698·4	0·3598	(Intercept)	−399·4	1277·69	0·756
	sVCAM1	1·746	0·625	0·008^**	MDA	1440	236·1	<0·001^***	TNF	−90·286	67·44	0·186
	sICAM1	12·33	4·025	0·004^**	AOPP	8·184	3·017	0·009^**	IL‐6	110·52	27·251	0·0002^***
	Ntyr	−25·48	16·384	0·127
NTBI	(Intercept)	0·443	1·77	0·804	(Intercept)	3·262	0·978	0·002	(Intercept)	0·177	1·81	0·922
	sVCAM1	0·001	0·001	0·182	MDA	0·51	0·33	0·132	TNF	0·107	0·092	0·25
					oxLDL	−0·00002	0·0001	0·191	VEGF	0·002	0·001	0·015^*
Tf Saturation	(Intercept)	48·15	13·35	<0·001	(Intercept)	73·15	8·77	<0·001	(Intercept)	32·69	16·38	0·051
	sVCAM1	0·019	0·007	0·008^**	MDA	8·43	2·93	0·006^**	VEGF	0·011	0·007	0·102
	sE‐selectin	1·205	0·624	0·06	oxLDL	−0·003	0·001	0·046^*
	Ntyr	−0·645	0·178	0·0008^***	AOPP	0·051	0·037	0·176
	sP‐selectin	−0·087	0·078	0·272
Sickle cell disease
Serum Heme	(Intercept)	33·2	19·21	0·092	(Intercept)	50·15	6·41	<0·001
Serum Heme	sE‐selectin	1·53	0·61	0·017^*	MDA	0·7	0·38	0·07
Haemopexin	(Intercept)	538·21	151·78	0·001	(Intercept)	487·61	74·54	<0·001	(Intercept)	510·966	118·464	<0·001
	sE‐selectin	−11·75	4·96	0·024^*	MDA	−12·14	4·35	0·007^**	TNF	−4·31	1·52	0·008^**
	Ntyr	4·28	3	0·163
Serum Iron	(Intercept)	22·3	17·11	0·202	(Intercept)	31·97	4·93	<0·001	(Intercept)	17·276	12·4505	0·175
Serum Iron	sE‐_selectin	0·78	0·51	0·132	MDA	0·33	0·26	0·204	IL_6	0·19	0·15	0·207
Tf Saturation	(Intercept)	37·4	12·01	0·004	(Intercept)	39·97	3·87	<0·001	(Intercept)	37·2726	9·382	<0·001
	sVCAM1	−0·006	0·005	0·212	MDA	0·54	0·21	0·012^*	TNF	0·2	0·12	0·107
	sE‐_selectin	0·77	0·36	0·038^*
NTBI					(Intercept)	2·53	0·4	<0·001	(Intercept)	2	0·84	0·029
NTBI					MDA	0·03	0·02	0·198	TNF	0·01	0·01	0·276
Spherocytosis
Serum Heme	(Intercept)	25·57	21·58	0·251	(Intercept)	37·93	5·96	<0·001	(Intercept)	22·01	10·19	0·045
Serum Heme	sE‐_selectin	1·04	0·82	0·223	MDA	0·89	0·44	0·050*	TNF	0·42	0·12	0·003^**
Haemopexin	(Intercept)	692·51	220·29	0·006	(Intercept)	631·28	91·319	<0·001	(Intercept)	712·05	125·07	<0·001
	sE‐_selectin	−13·37	8·64	0·14	MDA	−14·44	6·62	0·035^*	TNF	−3·19	1·54	0·055
	Ntyr	4·01	2·53	0·132					IL_6	−1·209	0·9928	0·241
Serum Iron					(Intercept)	18·65	2·6	<0·001
Serum Iron					MDA	0·76	0·16	<0·001^***
Tf Saturation					(Intercept)	26·32	3·43	<0·001
Tf Saturation					MDA	0·633	0·22	0·008^**
NTBI					(Intercept)	1·76	0·3018	<0·001	(Intercept)	0·94	0·57	0·123
NTBI					MDA	0·04	0·018	0·032^*	IL_6	0·01	0·004	0·111

Complete case regression analysis for β‐thal, SCD and SPH patients with models generated for each domain of variables: endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. Significant positive and negative associations between haem and iron parameters (serum haem, haemopexin, iron, Tf saturation, NTBI) and markers of endothelial dysfunction(soluble adhesion molecules, nytotyrosine), oxidative stress (MDA, oxLDL, AOPP) and inflammation (IL‐1β, TNFα, IL‐6, VEGF) are shown. Analysis includes parameters of patients’ group and corresponding healthy donors.

The beta estimates, standard errors and parameter P‐values are reported for variables with a P‐value

P < 0·05;

^**

P < 0·01;

^***

P < 0·001.