Table 1.

Variables and data sources

Variable	Data source	Measures
Participant characteristics	Paper-based questionnaire	Age, weight, height (also from the child’s father)
Health literacy	Questionnaires, answered in the app	HLS-EU-16, BHLS, knowledge-based questions
Maternal health outcomes (including GWG)	Maternity record booklet data, entered into the counselling tool	Health data such as weight, gestational diabetes mellitus
Fetal and neonatal health outcomes	Child medical record booklet data, entered into the counselling tool	Health data such as large for gestational age
Maternal health behaviour	Questionnaires, answered in the app	PPAQ, FFQ, alcohol and smoking
Health service use	Health insurance claims data	Inpatient and outpatient treatment, medication use, aids and remedies, sick leave

BHLS, Brief Health Literacy Screener; FFQ, Food Frequency Questionnaire; GWG, gestational weight gain; HLS-EU-16, Health Literacy Survey-16 items; PPAQ, Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire.