Table 1.

Eligibility criteria for the studies included in systematic review and meta-analysis

Eligibility criteria
Case-control or prevalence studies, published as full papers in peer reviewed journals.
Adults or children with a presumed diagnosis of Irritable bowel syndrome based on questionnaire, or meeting specific diagnostic criteria*. Adult patients with an established diagnosis of IBD (including CD and UC). Control group, referred to as ‘controls’ included ‘healthy asymptomatic controls’ as well as ‘patient controls’ including patients undergoing evaluation for unexplained gastrointestinal ‘syndromes’ (e.g., anemia, dyspepsia, pyrexia of unknown origin, diarrhea). Studies reporting on efficacy data after antibiotic treatment of methane positive SIBO in IBS and IBD patients was also included.
Clinically validated methods to diagnose SIBO**.
Participants not specially selected.
* Rome Criteria.18–21 ** Lactulose and/or Glucose breath test.

IBS: irritable bowel syndrome; IBD: inflammatory bowel disease; SIBO: small intestinal bacterial overgrowth; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: ulcerative colitis.