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. 2021 Jun 30;5(1):130–138. doi: 10.1080/24740527.2021.1929883

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© 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Transverse section showing extent and spatial relationships of the thoracic paravertebral space (purple) to surrounding structures. Nerves traversing through the paravertebral space, including the intercostal nerves and the sympathetic trunk, are targeted with paravertebral block. Ao, Aorta; AzV, Azygos vein; EI, External intercostal muscle; EnF, Endothoracic fascia; Es, Esophagus; IM, Innermost intercostal muscle; IN, Intercostal nerve; PP, Parietal pleura; PR, Posterior ramus; PvS, Paravertebral space; SN, Spinal nerve; SP, Spinous process; SyT, Sympathetic trunk; TD, Thoracic duct; TP, Transverse process; VP, Visceral pleura. (Illustration credit: Dr. Sarvenaz Parish)