FIGURE 1.

Loss of Par3 correlates with poor prognosis in human bladder cancer (BLCA). A, B, The mRNA levels of PARD3 gene are lower in tumors than those in paired nontumor tissues. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (A) and GSE13507 (B) dataset (log2TPM) were analyzed and shown as violin plots. *P < .05 by Student's t‐test. C, PARD3 mRNA expression decreases in BLCA tissues. PARD3 mRNA levels in 32 paired BLCA and adjacent nontumor tissues were determined by qPCR. Relative values of PARD3 were normalized with GAPDH. ***P < .001 by Student's t‐test. D, Par3 protein levels in BLCA tissues (T) are lower than those in adjacent normal samples (N). Left panel: representative expression pattern of Par3 protein. Right panel: relative intensity of Par3 normalized to β‐actin. Values are mean ± SD. ***P < .001 by Student's t‐test. n = 32. E, Representative immunohistochemical staining (IHC) images of Par3 in BLCA and adjacent normal urothelium. Upper scale bar, 200 μm; lower scale bar, 50 μm. F, Significantly lower Par3 immunostaining in BLCA tissues compared with adjacent urothelium tissues. Scale bar, 50 μm. Adjacent (n = 46), BLCA (n = 127). G, Par3 protein staining in BLCA tissues is lower than that in adjacent normal samples. Par3 IHC score was quantified and shown. ***P < .001 (left panel: two‐sided unpaired t‐test, right panel: two‐sided paired t‐test). H, Low PARD3 expression is associated with significantly worse overall survival. n = 165, log‐rank test